Civil & Legal

### Procedure: Describe the Admissibility of Evidence from Illegal Search or Inspection

Overview: This procedure outlines how to describe the admissibility of evidence obtained through an illegal search or inspection in a trial.

#### Key Points:
• Illegal searches and inspections do not automatically make evidence inadmissible, but they may be excluded under certain legal standards.
• Evidence obtained from an illegal search may be deemed inadmissible if it violates the 4th Amendment protections against unreasonable searches and seizures.
• Courts use a balancing test to determine whether the evidence should be excluded, considering factors such as the severity of the violation and the importance of the evidence to the case.

#### Legal Standards:
• The exclusionary rule generally prohibits the use of evidence obtained in violation of the 4th Amendment.
• However, there are exceptions, such as when the evidence is independent of the illegal search or if it was obtained through a good faith exception (e.g., reliance on a warrant later found to be invalid).

#### Application:
• This procedure applies in military justice contexts and requires understanding how the U.S. Constitution’s 4th Amendment protections are applied within the Army.
• The admissibility of evidence is evaluated based on whether it was obtained through unreasonable or illegal means, regardless of its relevance to the case.

#### Notes:
• This procedure is part of a broader evaluation on understanding and applying constitutional rights in military justice.
• It is critical for Soldiers to understand how evidence is treated in legal proceedings, especially when dealing with searches and inspections conducted without proper authorization.

### Procedure: Describe the Authority for Search and Seizure under the 4th Amendment

Overview: This procedure outlines how to describe the authority for search and seizure, including the protections of the U.S. Constitution’s 4th Amendment, its application in the U.S. Army, and the necessity for it to apply differently to Soldiers and civilians.

#### Key Points:
• The 4th Amendment protects individuals from unreasonable searches and seizures by government officials.
• It requires that any search or seizure be based on probable cause and supported by a warrant or authorization in the Armed Forces.
• This protection is essential to ensure privacy rights are upheld, but it may apply differently to Soldiers compared to civilians due to the unique nature of military service.

#### Application in the U.S. Army:
• The 4th Amendment applies to U.S. Army Soldiers, but its application may be modified by military regulations and commander authority.
• In some cases, such as during disciplinary actions or administrative inspections, the protections of the 4th Amendment may be less strict compared to civilian contexts.

#### Necessity for Different Application:
• The military environment often requires a balance between individual rights and military discipline and security needs.
• This can lead to exceptions, such as when a commander has authority over the place being searched, or during exigent circumstances that require immediate action.

#### Notes:
• This procedure is part of an evaluation on understanding the 4th Amendment protections in military justice contexts.
• Soldiers must be aware of how these rights apply to them and when they may be subject to searches or seizures under different legal standards.

### Procedure: Describe the Authority of a Commander to Conduct an Inventory of a Soldier's Property

Overview: This procedure outlines how to describe the authority of a commander to conduct an inventory of a Soldier’s property, including when it is required and whether contraband discovered during such an inventory may be used as evidence.

#### Key Points:
• Commanders have legal authority under military regulations to conduct inventories of Soldiers’ personal property for administrative or disciplinary purposes.
• The inventory process must follow strict guidelines to ensure it is conducted lawfully and within the bounds of constitutional protections.

#### Legal Authority:
• A commander’s authority may be derived from military orders, regulations, or directives that govern conduct, discipline, and property management.
• This authority can be delegated to other personnel under certain conditions, but the commander remains ultimately responsible for ensuring compliance with legal standards.

#### Circumstances Requiring Inventory:
• An inventory may be required during a disciplinary investigation, after an arrest or detention, or when there is reasonable suspicion of contraband in a Soldier’s property.
• It may also be conducted as part of routine inspections, such as health and welfare checks or lost weapon investigations.

#### Use of Contraband as Evidence:
• If contraband is discovered during an inventory, it may be seized and used in a criminal prosecution if the inventory was conducted lawfully and with proper authority.
• However, if the inventory was conducted without legal justification or violated the Soldier’s rights, the contraband may not be admissible as evidence.

#### Notes:
• This procedure is part of an evaluation on understanding the U.S. Constitution’s 4th Amendment protections and their application in military justice contexts.
• Commanders must ensure that inventories are conducted with proper authority, neutral detachment, and within legal boundaries to avoid violations or legal challenges.

### Procedure: Describe the Authority to Authorize a Search in the U.S. Army

Overview: This procedure outlines how to describe the authority for a commander to authorize a search, including where this authority is derived from, whether it can be delegated, and why it might be preferable to have a military magistrate or judge instead of the commander.

#### Key Points:
• The authority to conduct a search in the U.S. Army comes from military regulations, commander orders, and legal provisions that govern military justice.
• This authority can be delegated to other personnel, but the commander remains ultimately responsible for ensuring compliance with legal standards.

#### Preference for Military Magistrate or Judge:
• It may be preferable to have a military magistrate or judge authorize a search instead of the commander in certain situations, such as when there is a need for impartiality or neutral detachment.
• This ensures that the search is conducted fairly and without bias, especially in cases involving potential legal challenges.

#### Commander’s Authority Over Property:
• A commander must have authority over the place to be searched in order to authorize a search of that location.
• This includes both on-post and off-post quarters or personal property, particularly in the CONUS (Contiguous United States).

#### Notes:
• This procedure is part of an evaluation on understanding the legal framework for conducting searches in military contexts.
• Soldiers must be aware of how these standards apply to them and when they may be subject to such actions under the law.

### Procedure: Describe the Procedures Required to Obtain an Authorization to Search

Overview: This procedure outlines how to describe the procedures required to obtain an authorization to search, including the necessity of a warrant or authorization, and the steps involved in securing such approval.

#### Key Points:
• A warrant or authorization is typically required before conducting a search, unless there are exceptions that allow for a warrantless search.
• The process involves obtaining approval from an authorized individual, such as a commander, military magistrate, or military judge.

#### Steps to Obtain Authorization:
1. Determine whether a warrant is necessary based on the circumstances of the case.
2. If a warrant is required, submit a request to the appropriate authority for approval.
3. Ensure that all legal requirements are met, including probable cause and specificity in the search authorization.
4. Obtain a signed copy of the warrant or authorization before proceeding with the search.

#### Notes:
• This procedure is part of an evaluation on understanding the legal procedures for obtaining search authorizations in military contexts.
• Soldiers must be aware of how these standards apply to them and when they may be subject to such actions under the law.

### Procedure: Describe the Requirement for a Commander to Be Neutral and Detached

Overview: This procedure outlines how to describe the requirement for a commander to be neutral and detached when authorizing or conducting a search, ensuring that the process is fair and impartial.

#### Key Points:
• A commander must maintain neutrality and detachment to avoid bias in the authorization or execution of a search.
• This ensures that the search is conducted based on legal standards, not personal interest or prejudice.

#### Importance of Neutrality:
• The requirement for neutrality helps prevent unlawful searches and protects the rights of individuals being searched.
• It also ensures that the process remains within the bounds of military justice and legal requirements.

#### Notes:
• This procedure is part of an evaluation on understanding the ethical and legal standards for commanders in conducting searches in military contexts.
• Soldiers must be aware of how these standards apply to them and when they may be subject to such actions under the law.

### Procedure: Describe the Requirements for Conducting a Search or Seizure

Overview: This procedure outlines how to describe the requirements for conducting a search or seizure, including the necessity of probable cause, the use of the totality of the circumstances test, and the commander’s role in determining whether such a search is justified.

#### Key Points:
• A search or seizure must be based on probable cause, which is defined as a reasonable belief that evidence of a crime exists.
• The commander has the responsibility to determine whether probable cause exists before authorizing a search or seizure.
• The totality of the circumstances test is used to evaluate whether probable cause exists, considering all relevant facts and evidence.

#### Commander’s Role:
• The commander must assess whether there is sufficient basis for a search or seizure based on probable cause, not just suspicion.
• This includes evaluating any available information that may support the need for a search or seizure.

#### Application of Totality of Circumstances Test:
• This test considers all relevant factors, such as the nature of the suspected crime, the reliability of the evidence, and the credibility of the sources.
• It ensures that searches are not conducted based on mere suspicion but on a reasonable belief in the existence of criminal activity.

#### Notes:
• This procedure is part of an evaluation on understanding the legal requirements for conducting a search or seizure in military contexts.
• Soldiers must be aware of how these standards apply to them and when they may be subject to such actions under the law.

### Procedure: Describe the Scope of an Authorized Search

Overview: This procedure outlines how to describe the scope of an authorized search, including the limitations on the extent of the search, and the importance of adhering to legal boundaries.

#### Key Points:
• The scope of a search must be clearly defined in the authorization and limited to what is necessary for the investigation.
• A commander must ensure that the search does not exceed the bounds of the authorization or legal requirements.

#### Legal Boundaries:
• Searches should be conducted within the parameters set by the warrant or authorization, ensuring that only relevant items are examined.
• The scope may vary depending on the type of search, such as a search incident to apprehension or an inspection.

#### Notes:
• This procedure is part of an evaluation on understanding the legal limits of authorized searches in military contexts.
• Soldiers must be aware of how these standards apply to them and when they may be subject to such actions under the law.

Objective: Ensure healthcare providers understand permissible uses of health information under HIPAA during a pandemic influenza response.

Procedure:
1. Prepare and distribute draft letters or fact sheets to hospitals and other healthcare providers outlining the permissible uses and disclosures of health information for public health purposes under the Privacy Rule of HIPAA (www.hhs.gov/ocr/hipaa/).
2. Ensure that these materials are clear, concise, and tailored to pandemic influenza response scenarios.
3. Provide guidance on how to handle patient data in compliance with HIPAA during a public health emergency.

Objective: Ensure consistency in legal terminology when drafting isolation/quarantine orders.

Procedure:
1. Use standardized terms such as quarantine, isolation, and detention consistently across all draft documents.
2. Avoid ambiguous or inconsistent language that could lead to misinterpretation of the order.
3. Ensure terminology aligns with public health and judiciary standards.

Objective: Ensure individuals subject to isolation/quarantine orders have access to legal representation.

Procedure:
1. Develop procedures that guarantee access to legal counsel for all persons under an isolation or quarantine order.
2. Maintain a list of attorneys willing to provide services at little or no cost, especially in public health emergencies.
3. Ensure this information is readily available to individuals subject to such orders.

Objective: Ensure legal counsel is familiar with procedures for declaring a public health emergency.

Procedure:
1. Engage legal counsel to understand the procedures for declaring a public health emergency at various levels of government (federal, state, local).
2. Clarify the consequences of such declarations, including legal and administrative implications.
3. Ensure that this understanding is incorporated into all planning and response activities.

Objective: Ensure legal counsel understands the requirements of the Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA).

Procedure:
1. Engage legal counsel to review the requirements of EMTALA, which mandates that hospitals provide emergency medical care regardless of a patient’s ability to pay.
2. Ensure that these requirements are incorporated into public health planning for pandemic influenza.
3. Confirm that legal counsel has reviewed hospital screening and admission procedures for compliance with EMTALA.

Objective: Ensure legal counsel has a clear understanding of public health legal resources for emergency response.

Procedure:
1. Engage legal counsel to review and understand the following key legal resources:
- Model State Emergency Health Powers Act: [www.publichealthlaw.net/MSEHPA/MSEHPA2.pdf](http://www.publichealthlaw.net/MSEHPA/MSEHPA2.pdf)
- Emergency Management Assistance Compact (EMAC): [www.emacweb.org/?13](http://www.emacweb.org/?13)
- Memorandum of Understanding for Local Public Health Mutual Aid and Assistance System: [www.publichealthlaw.net/Resources/ResourcesPDFs/MOU.pdf](http://www.publichealthlaw.net/Resources/ResourcesPDFs/MOU.pdf)
- American Bar Association Draft Checklist for Legal Preparedness: [www.publichealthlaw.net/Resources/BTlaw.htm](http://www.publichealthlaw.net/Resources/BTlaw.htm)
2. Ensure that legal counsel is familiar with all relevant statutes and tools to support public health responses during emergencies.

Objective: Ensure availability of legal resources to handle emergency isolation/quarantine requests.

Procedure:
1. Work with the local court system to develop a 24/7 “on call” list of judges or hearing officers who can review emergency requests for isolation or quarantine.
2. Ensure that this list is accessible and up-to-date, especially during public health emergencies.
3. Coordinate with legal counsel to ensure compliance with all relevant procedures.

Objective: Ensure legal counsel has analyzed due process requirements for different isolation/quarantine scenarios.

Procedure:
1. Engage legal counsel to analyze procedures needed to satisfy due process across various scenarios, including:
- Voluntary home isolation.
- Isolation in a guarded facility.
- Exclusion from public activities.
2. Ensure that legal counsel provides guidance on how to handle these scenarios while maintaining compliance with constitutional and statutory requirements.

Objective: Ensure legal compliance with due process requirements in isolation/quarantine orders.

Procedure:
1. Engage legal counsel to review all draft isolation/quarantine orders, forms, and administrative hearing procedures.
2. Confirm that the documents comply with basic elements of due process, including:
- Adequate notice to individuals subject to the order.
- Opportunity to contest the order.
- Administrative determination by appropriate authorities.
3. Ensure that legal counsel verifies compliance with all relevant statutes and regulations.

Objective: Ensure that community-wide EMS transport protocols for pandemic influenza patients are compliant with EMTALA.

Procedure:
1. Engage legal counsel to review the implications of EMS transport protocols under EMTALA, especially those requiring transport to a hospital or facility other than the one owning the ambulance.
2. Ensure that these protocols do not violate EMTALA requirements, which mandate that patients receive appropriate emergency care regardless of location.
3. Confirm that legal counsel has reviewed and provided guidance on compliance with EMTALA in this context.

Objective: Ensure hospital screening and admission procedures are compliant with EMTALA during a pandemic influenza outbreak.

Procedure:
1. Engage legal counsel to review hospital screening and admission procedures for potential pandemic influenza patients.
2. Confirm that procedures include the establishment of evaluation clinics for individuals presenting with influenza-like symptoms.
3. Ensure compliance with EMTALA requirements, including the provision of emergency care regardless of a patient’s ability to pay.

Procedure:

• Define inspection as a routine or administrative search conducted for non-criminal purposes.
• Note that inspections are typically less intrusive than searches and may not require a warrant.
• Highlight that the purpose of an inspection is often related to safety, health, or administrative compliance.

Procedure:

• Explain that the 4th Amendment does not always restrict a commander's authority to order an administrative inspection.
• Note that inspections conducted for legitimate safety or health purposes may be exempt from 4th Amendment requirements.
• Highlight that commanders must ensure inspections are not used as a pretext for unlawful searches.

Describe the applicability of the totality of the circumstances test to a consent search.

• The totality of the circumstances test is used to determine whether a person's consent was truly voluntary.
• Factors considered include:
- Whether the individual was informed they had the right to refuse.
- Whether there was any coercion, threats, or deception.
- The age and mental capacity of the consenting party.
- The presence of any authority figures during the interaction.
• This test is critical in determining whether a consent search is lawful.

Procedure:

• Explain that a health and welfare inspection is conducted to ensure the well-being of individuals.
• Note that such inspections may include checks for medical conditions, hygiene, or safety hazards.
• Highlight that these inspections are typically less intrusive than searches and may be exempt from 4th Amendment requirements.

Describe the legitimate reasons for such a search.

• A search incident to apprehension is lawful when conducted during or immediately after an arrest.
• The primary purposes of this type of search include:
- Ensuring officer safety by checking for weapons.
- Preventing evidence destruction or concealment.
• This type of search is limited in scope and must be reasonably related to the arrest.

Describe the legitimate reasons for conducting a search under exigent circumstances.

• Legitimate reasons include:
- Preventing harm to individuals (e.g., a suspect with a weapon).
- Avoiding destruction of evidence.
- Ensuring officer safety during an emergency situation.
• These searches are permissible only when there is no time to obtain a warrant.
• The search must be directly related to the exigent circumstance.

Describe how the consent may be partial or limited and the restrictions this places on the search.

• Consent can be limited to specific areas, items, or time frames.
• For example, a person might consent only to a search of their backpack but not their personal belongings.
• Law enforcement must strictly adhere to the scope of the consent provided.
• If law enforcement exceeds the limits of the consent, any evidence found beyond that scope may be excluded from trial.

Procedure:

• Explain that a commander may conduct an inspection for lost weapons or ammunition to ensure safety and security.
• Note that such inspections must be conducted within legal boundaries and not used as a pretext for unlawful searches.
• Highlight that commanders must document the purpose and scope of any inspection.

Procedure:

• Explain that the use of drug detection dogs during a health and welfare inspection is generally not permissible.
• Note that such use may be considered an unlawful search unless justified by exigent circumstances or consent.
• Highlight that commanders must ensure inspections are conducted within legal boundaries.

Procedure:

• Explain that a gate inspection is permissible to ensure security and prevent unauthorized access.
• Note that such inspections must be conducted within legal boundaries and not used as a pretext for unlawful searches.
• Highlight that commanders must document the purpose and scope of any inspection.

Procedure:

• Explain that the primary purpose test determines whether an inspection is lawful.
• Note that if the primary purpose of the inspection is to detect evidence of crime, it may be classified as a search and require a warrant.
• Highlight that inspections must have a legitimate administrative or safety-related purpose.

Procedure:

• Explain that a search is conducted to find evidence of crime, while an inspection is for administrative or safety purposes.
• Note that inspections may be less intrusive than searches and do not always require a warrant.
• Highlight that the distinction between search and inspection affects legal requirements and protections.

Describe the requirement and importance of maintaining a proper chain of custody.

• Chain of custody refers to the documented, unbroken record of evidence from the time it is collected until it is presented in court.
• It must be maintained by all individuals who handle the evidence, including:
- Law enforcement officers.
- Forensic analysts.
- Court personnel.
• A break in the chain of custody can lead to the exclusion of evidence from trial or a mistrial.

Procedure:

• Explain that the scope of an inspection is limited to its stated administrative or safety purpose.
• Note that inspections should not be used as a pretext for searching for criminal evidence.
• Highlight that inspectors must adhere strictly to the parameters defined by the inspection's primary purpose.

Procedure:

• Explain that the subterfuge rule prohibits using inspections as a pretext to conduct searches for criminal evidence.
• Note that inspectors must not misrepresent the purpose of an inspection.
• Highlight that violations of this rule can lead to legal challenges and exclusion of evidence.

Describe withdrawal of consent and its effect on continuation of the search.

• A person has the right to revoke their consent at any time during a search.
• Once consent is withdrawn, law enforcement must immediately cease the search.
• If law enforcement continues the search after consent is revoked, it may be considered an illegal search.
• The withdrawal of consent can also serve as evidence in court that the search was conducted improperly.

### Describe Commander Responsibilities Regarding Violations of the Law of War

#### Steps:
1. Describe how the legal responsibility for the commission of a war crime can be placed on the commander as well as the subordinate who actually commits the war crime.
- Commanders may be held legally responsible for failing to prevent or report war crimes committed by their subordinates.
2. Describe the circumstances under which a commander may be prosecuted for the commission of a war crime.
- A commander can be prosecuted if they knowingly allow, encourage, or fail to take action to prevent a subordinate from committing a war crime.

#### Notes:
• Commanders have a legal duty to ensure that their subordinates comply with the Law of War.
• Failure to fulfill this duty may result in prosecution.

### Describe Criminal Orders and Soldier Responsibilities Toward Them

#### Steps:
1. Describe the applicability of a Soldier asserting the defense of 'obeying a superior order' for the commission of a war crime.
- A Soldier cannot use the defense of obeying a superior order to justify committing a war crime.
2. Describe whether a subordinate Soldier, who actually commits a war crime, is excused from prosecution if the commander is charged with the commission of the war crime.
- A subordinate Soldier is not excused from prosecution simply because the commander is also charged with the same war crime.
3. Describe the responsibility of a Soldier to disobey any order which requires the Soldier to commit criminal acts in violation of the Law of War.
- Soldiers are required to disobey any order that violates the Law of War and report such orders to their chain of command.
4. Describe the responsibility of a Soldier to obey the rules of engagement (ROE) and the potential consequences for violating the ROE.
- Soldiers must comply with the rules of engagement at all times. Violating the ROE can result in disciplinary action, court-martial, or prosecution.

#### Notes:
• Soldiers have a legal obligation to refuse orders that violate the Law of War.
• Compliance with ROE is essential for maintaining lawful and ethical conduct during military operations.

### Describe Responsibilities of U.S. Soldiers to Obey the Law of War

#### Steps:
1. Describe how U.S. Soldiers are bound to obey all the rules of the Customary Law of War and the Hague and Geneva Conventions.
- All U.S. Soldiers are legally obligated to comply with international humanitarian law, including the Geneva and Hague Conventions.
2. Describe how U.S. Soldiers may be court-martialed for violating these rules.
- Violations of the Law of War can result in court-martial proceedings under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ).
3. Describe how U.S. Soldiers may also be prosecuted for committing a war crime.
- Soldiers who commit war crimes may face prosecution by military or civilian authorities, depending on the nature and severity of the violation.

#### Notes:
• Compliance with the Law of War is mandatory for all U.S. Soldiers.
• Failure to comply can result in serious legal consequences.

### Identify Key Violations of the Law of War

#### Steps:
1. Define a Law of War violation.
- A Law of War violation occurs when an individual or group engages in conduct that is prohibited by international law governing armed conflict.
2. Identify the two general types of war crimes.
- Grave breaches: Serious violations of the Geneva Conventions, such as willful killing, torture, and unlawful deportation.
- Simple breaches: Less severe violations, such as failure to provide medical care or improper treatment of prisoners of war.
3. Define what constitutes a grave breach and give examples.
- A grave breach is a serious violation of the Geneva Conventions, including:
- Willful killing
- Torture or inhumane treatment
- Unlawful deportation or transfer
- Taking hostages
- Persecution on political, racial, or religious grounds
4. Describe what obligations exist if there is a grave breach.
- The individual who commits the violation and any commander responsible for their actions may be held legally accountable.
5. Define what constitutes an other than grave breach or a simple breach and give examples.
- A simple breach is a less severe violation, such as:
- Failure to provide medical care
- Improper treatment of prisoners of war
6. Describe what obligations exist if there is a simple breach.
- The individual who commits the violation may be subject to disciplinary action or legal consequences.

#### Notes:
• Soldiers are responsible for identifying and reporting any suspected violations of the Law of War.
• Commanders may also be held legally accountable for war crimes committed by their subordinates.

Procedure:

To identify key elements of the Hague and Geneva Conventions that pertain to combat operations, follow these steps:

1. Understand Unlawful and Lawful Targets:
- Only lawful targets may be attacked. These include military objectives such as enemy weapons, personnel, and facilities.
- Unlawful targets include civilians, hospitals, religious sites, and other protected structures.

2. Recognize Noncombatants:
- Noncombatants are individuals not participating in hostilities, including women, children, the elderly, and wounded soldiers.
- Soldiers must take all feasible precautions to avoid harming noncombatants.

3. Apply Lawful Use of Force:
- The use of force must be necessary, proportional, and discriminate.
- Excess force or unnecessary destruction is prohibited.

4. Protect Property with Cultural or Historical Significance:
- Structures such as schools, orphanages, places dedicated to children, and items of cultural or historical significance are protected under the conventions.
- Soldiers must avoid attacking or damaging these properties unless absolutely necessary for military operations.

5. Respect Protected Medical Transports and Facilities:
- Hospitals, medical units, and transports marked with the Red Cross or Red Crescent emblem must be respected and not attacked.
- If a medical facility is under attack, all feasible measures must be taken to protect it.

Warning: Violations of these principles may result in legal consequences for individuals and units involved.

Procedure:

• Define what offenses may constitute a grave breach of the Law of War.
• Describe disciplinary actions that may be taken against U.S. Soldiers who commit grave breaches.
• Describe the statute of limitations on prosecuting a war crime.
• Describe the responsibilities of the United States, as a signatory of the Geneva Conventions, regarding a person who commits a grave breach.

Procedure:

• Describe the applicability of a Soldier asserting the defense of 'obeying superior orders' for the commission of a war crime.
• Describe whether a subordinate Soldier, who actually commits a war crime, is excused from prosecution if the commander is charged with the commission of the war crime.
• Describe the responsibility of a Soldier to disobey any order which requires the Soldier to commit criminal acts in violation of the Law of War.
• Describe the responsibility of a Soldier to obey the rules of engagement and the potential consequences for violating the rules of engagement.
• Describe the responsibility of the Soldier to ask a superior for clarification of an order suspected to be criminal or unlawful.

Procedure:

• Describe the right of civilians not to be subjected to medical or scientific experiments.
• Describe the right of civilians not to be made the object of collective penalties or reprisals.
• Describe the right of civilians not to be held hostage.

Procedure:

• Article 14 of the Geneva Convention for the Amelioration of the Condition of the Wounded and Sick in the Armed Forces in the Field (GWS) provides that wounded and sick belligerents who fall into enemy hands are to be treated as prisoners of war.
• This applies regardless of their status or rank.
• Ensure that these individuals receive appropriate care and treatment.

Procedure:

• GWS Article 12 provides that wounded or sick members of the armed forces must be protected and treated humanely.
• This includes access to medical care, food, shelter, and other necessities.
• Ensure that these individuals are not discriminated against based on their status or condition.

Procedure:

• Retained personnel are individuals who are not considered prisoners of war but are retained by the detaining power for their specialized skills or duties.
• This includes medical personnel, chaplains, and other specialists.
• Ensure that these individuals are treated with respect and provided necessary care.

Procedure:

• Medical personnel are protected under international law and must not be attacked or harmed.
• This includes military medics, medical staff in medical units, chaplains, and Red Cross volunteers.
• Ensure that these individuals are treated with respect and provided necessary care.

Procedure:

• Medical property, material, and equipment are protected under international law.
• They must not be attacked or used for military purposes unless they have lost their protected status.
• Ensure that these items are treated with respect and provided necessary care.

Procedure:

• The detaining power must follow procedures to return retained medical personnel to their own side.
• This includes providing necessary documentation, ensuring safe passage, and coordinating with appropriate authorities.
• Ensure that these individuals are returned in a timely manner.

Procedure:

• Retained personnel must follow the captor's internal disciplinary system at the camp where they are detained.
• This includes obeying rules, regulations, and procedures established by the detaining power.
• Ensure that these individuals are treated fairly and in accordance with international law.

Procedure:

• Medical personnel and material must be left behind if necessary to care for the wounded and sick.
• Ensure that medical supplies, equipment, and personnel are not used for non-medical purposes.
• Provide adequate resources to ensure proper treatment of the wounded and sick.

Procedure:

• Members of the armed forces specially trained to serve as hospital orderlies, nurses, or auxiliary stretcher bearers are protected under international law.
• They may be retained by the detaining power for their specialized duties.
• Ensure that these individuals are treated with respect and provided necessary care.

Procedure:

• Members of recognized aid societies of neutral countries who assist in medical efforts are protected under international law.
• They must be allowed to continue their work without interference from either side.
• Ensure that these individuals are treated with respect and provided necessary care.

Procedure:

• Captured full-time medical personnel may be retained by the detaining power for their medical duties.
• They are not considered prisoners of war but retained personnel.
• Ensure that these individuals have the right to perform their duties and return to their own side when appropriate.

Procedure:

• Prisoners of war must obey lawful camp rules established by the detaining power.
• Violations of these rules may result in disciplinary actions, including reprimands, restrictions, or other penalties as deemed appropriate.
• Ensure that all disciplinary actions are fair and in accordance with international humanitarian law.

Procedure:

• Provide prisoners of war with adequate food that meets nutritional requirements.
• Ensure living quarters are clean, safe, and provide sufficient space for each prisoner.
• Maintain a hygienic environment to prevent the spread of disease.

Procedure:

• Allow prisoners of war to have a representative to communicate with camp authorities.
• Ensure that representatives are treated fairly and without discrimination.
• Provide representatives with necessary information about the rights of prisoners of war.

Procedure:

• Provide medical care to prisoners of war in accordance with international humanitarian law.
• Ensure access to adequate healthcare services for all medical conditions.
• Treat wounded and sick prisoners of war without discrimination.
• Provide necessary medications, treatments, and facilities.

Procedure:

• Allow prisoners of war to be required to work if it is for their own benefit or in accordance with international law.
• Ensure that working conditions are safe and not excessive.
• Provide necessary tools, equipment, and supervision.

Objective: Conform to the Army's Equal Opportunity (EO) and Prevention of Sexual Harassment (POSH) policies.

Steps:
1. Do not make racial or sexual comments and/or gestures that could be interpreted as offensive or discriminatory.
2. Avoid making national origin or religious comments, jokes, or slurs, which may foster discrimination or disrespect.
3. Do not display racist or sexually offensive visual materials, such as images, symbols, or other content that promotes hate or harassment.
4. Avoid unsolicited and unwelcomed sexual contact with fellow Soldiers, ensuring all interactions are professional and respectful.
5. Do not stereotype fellow Soldiers or make assumptions about their cultural background, race, religion, or beliefs.
6. Avoid using profanity or sexually oriented language, which may be demeaning or inappropriate in a military setting.
7. Respect the religious beliefs of fellow Soldiers and do not discount or dismiss them.
8. Do not belong to extremist organizations or participate in extremist activities, as this is contrary to Army values and policies.

Details:
• These actions are essential for maintaining a respectful, inclusive, and professional environment within the military.

Objective: Demonstrate adherence to the Army's Equal Opportunity (EO) and Prevention of Sexual Harassment (POSH) policies.

Steps:
1. Display unquestionable loyalty to the Army and the nation.
2. Follow your higher duty to the Army and the nation, prioritizing service above self-interest.
3. Treat people as they should be treated, ensuring respect for all individuals regardless of race, gender, religion, or other characteristics.
4. Live up to all the Army values, including loyalty, duty, respect, selfless service, honor, integrity, and personal courage.

Details:
• Uphold these values in both professional and personal conduct.
• Model behavior that reflects the core principles of the Army.

Objective: Correct subordinates whose behaviors are contrary to Army Equal Opportunity (EO) and Prevention of Sexual Harassment (POSH) policies.

Steps:
1. Correct Soldiers who use racial or sexually harassing nonverbal gestures, such as inappropriate facial expressions, hand signals, or body language.
2. Correct Soldiers who make racial or sexually harassing verbal comments, including slurs, jokes, or other offensive speech.
3. Correct Soldiers who display racist or sexually harassing visual materials, such as posters, images, or symbols that promote discrimination or harassment.
4. Do not allow intimidation, harassment, or reprisal against Soldiers who make complaints about EO or POSH violations.

Details:
• Immediate action is necessary to prevent escalation of issues and maintain a respectful environment.
• Leaders must ensure that all corrective actions are fair and in line with Army policies.

Definition:
Prejudice is the holding of a judgment or opinion without regard to pertinent fact, typically expressed in suspicion, fear, hostility, or intolerance of certain people, customs, and ideas.

Impact:
• Can lead to unfair treatment and hinder unit cohesion.
• Violates core values of the Marine Corps.

Definition:
Race is any of the major biological divisions of mankind distinguished by color and texture of hair, color of skin and eyes, stature, bodily proportions, or other genetically transmitted physical characteristics.

Relevance:
• Helps identify potential areas where equal opportunity may be compromised due to racial differences.

Key Points:
1. Prejudicial attitudes can off-balance individual Marines and the unit.
2. As warriors, each Marine understands that being a “band of brothers” is critical to the success of the Corps and its mission.
3. The fires of recruit training and officer candidate schools bind Marines in a sameness that means being a Marine.

Key Points:
1. As warriors, each Marine is part of a team whose primary purpose is to prepare for and fight our Nation’s battles.
2. A fully integrated Marine Corps is essential where all personnel strive for common goals.
3. The development of each individual depends only on talent and diligence, not on race, creed, sex, or ethnic origin.
4. Ensuring fairness and equality of opportunity is an inherent function of leadership.

Policy Statement:
• The Marine Corps will provide equal opportunity for all military members without regard to race, color, religion, sex, age, or national origin, consistent with requirements for physical and mental capabilities.

Key Points:
1. Marines must recognize the importance, dignity, needs, and aspirations of the individual.
2. Equal opportunity is essential for unit cohesion and combat readiness.
3. Discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, age, or national origin is alien to the basic values of the Marine Corps.

Key Points:
1. Adherence to basic leadership traits and principles provides for the fundamentals addressed by equal opportunity.
2. Discrimination based on race, color, religion, gender, age, or national origin is alien to the actions of a Warrior.
3. All Marines are expected to promote harmonious interactions among individuals regardless of age, race, color, religion, gender, or national origin.
4. Fair treatment for all Marines and identifying unfair practices via the chain of command is essential.

Procedure:

1. Encourage digital technology companies, developers, and social media platforms to respect human rights online.
2. Ensure that these entities are accountable for any abuses of human rights in the digital space.
3. Require them to take measures to mitigate and prevent such abuses.
4. Ensure they provide access to effective remedies in line with the United Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights.

Procedure:

1. Review all national legislation related to digital technologies.
2. Ensure that the legislation is compliant with international law, including international human rights law.
3. Update or revise any laws that are inconsistent with these obligations.
4. Monitor ongoing developments in international human rights law and adjust legislation accordingly.

Procedure:

1. Identify potential adverse impacts on human rights from the use of digital and emerging technologies.
2. Implement safeguards to prevent these impacts, including:
- Conducting human rights due diligence.
- Establishing effective oversight mechanisms.
- Creating remedy mechanisms for individuals affected by violations or abuses.
3. Ensure that all stakeholders are involved in the development and implementation of these safeguards.
4. Regularly review and update these measures to ensure their effectiveness.

Procedure:

1. Review all policies and laws that may restrict the free flow of information and ideas in digital spaces.
2. Ensure that any restrictions are consistent with obligations under international law.
3. Avoid implementing measures that limit access to information or suppress freedom of expression without a legitimate legal basis.
4. Promote open, inclusive, and equitable access to digital technologies and information.

Procedure:

1. Review existing legal and policy frameworks related to children's rights in the digital space.
2. Strengthen these frameworks to ensure compliance with international human rights law, including the Convention on the Rights of the Child.
3. Implement measures that protect children from online risks such as exploitation, cyberbullying, and exposure to harmful content.
4. Ensure that all stakeholders, including governments, technology companies, and civil society, are involved in these efforts.

Procedure:

1. Acknowledge the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights’ advisory service on human rights in the digital space.
2. Support this service by providing voluntary resources and assistance where possible.
3. Encourage the provision of expert advice and practical guidance on human rights and technology issues upon request.
4. Collaborate with the UN to enhance the effectiveness of this advisory service.

Action 42: We will increase our efforts to revitalize the work of the General Assembly.

Steps to Implement Action 42:
1. Reaffirm the central position of the General Assembly as the chief deliberative, policymaking and representative organ of the United Nations.
2. Further enhance and make full use of the role and authority of the General Assembly to address evolving global challenges, in full compliance with the Charter.
3. Enhance ways in which the General Assembly can contribute to the maintenance of international peace and security, in particular by taking action in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations.
4. Stress the need for the selection and appointment process of the Secretary-General to be guided by the principles of:
- Merit
- Transparency
- Inclusiveness
5. Ensure due regard is given to gender balance and regional rotation in the selection and appointment process.
6. Take into account during the next and subsequent selection and appointment processes the regrettable fact that there has never been a woman Secretary-General.
7. Encourage Member States to consider nominating women as candidates for the position of Secretary-General.

Action 41: We will strengthen the response of the Security Council for the maintenance of international peace and security and its relationship with the General Assembly.

Steps to Implement Action 41:
1. Fully implement and adhere to all provisions of the Charter of the United Nations as they relate to the decision-making process in the Security Council, including Article 27 (3) of the Charter.
2. Support credible, timely, and decisive action by the Security Council, in exercise of its primary responsibility for the maintenance of international peace and security, to prevent or end the commission of genocide, crimes against humanity, or war crimes.
3. Actively reinforce the ongoing efforts of the Security Council to review and enhance its working methods, including:
- Penholding and co-penholding arrangements
4. Strengthen cooperation and communication between the Security Council and the General Assembly, as well as its subsidiary bodies, including:
- The Peacebuilding Commission
- The Economic and Social Council
- Regional and subregional arrangements
5. Continue to fully implement and make use of Assembly resolutions:
- Resolution 377 A (V) of 3 November 1950 on uniting for peace
- Resolution 76/262 of 26 April 2022 on the veto initiative
6. Improve participation in and access to the work of the Security Council and its subsidiary organs for all members of the General Assembly, to enhance the Council’s accountability to the membership and increase the transparency of its work.

Objective: Reform the United Nations Security Council to make it more representative, inclusive, transparent, efficient, effective, democratic, and accountable.

### Guiding Principles for Reform:
1. Redress historical injustice against Africa as a priority while also improving representation of underrepresented regions such as Asia-Pacific and Latin America and the Caribbean.
2. Enlarge the Security Council to be more representative of current United Nations membership and reflective of contemporary global realities, with increased representation of developing countries and small- and medium-sized States.
3. Continue discussions on the representation of cross-regional groups, including small island developing States, Arab States, and others such as the Organization of Islamic Cooperation.
4. Intensify efforts to find an agreement on the categories of membership based on intergovernmental negotiations.
5. Ensure that the total number of members in an enlarged Council maintains a balance between representativeness and effectiveness.
6. Implement working methods that ensure the Security Council functions in a manner that is inclusive, transparent, efficient, effective, democratic, and accountable.
7. Address the question of the veto, including discussions on limiting its scope and use.
8. Consider the inclusion of a review clause as part of a comprehensive reform to ensure the Security Council remains fit for purpose over time.

Policy: In regards to alcohol consumption the Marine Corps abides by the local, state and federal regulations to include overseas commands. For the majority of Marines this means the drinking age is 21. Along with this, all leaders in the Corps teach that for those who are old enough and want to drink, they have a responsibility to do so responsibly. For those not yet 21 they are bound by the need for self-discipline and the requirement to follow regulations. For those authorized to consume alcohol, you need to be aware of its affects on your body and mental ability.

Policy: The Marine Corps has a zero tolerance policy in regards to the illegal use of controlled substances. This policy is explained to every potential recruit before joining the Marine Corps and continues to be reinforced throughout a Marines career. No one can say, “I didn’t know.” By being honest with ourselves and living by our Core Values the temptation of drug use should be something that each of us can avoid.

Objective: Discuss the Department of Defense (DOD) definition of sexual harassment in accordance with references.

Procedure:
1. Define sexual harassment as any unwelcome sexual advance, request for sexual favors, or other verbal or physical conduct of a sexual nature that occurs in the workplace and is either explicitly or implicitly based on sex.
2. Emphasize that sexual harassment can include both quid pro quo harassment (where job benefits are conditioned on sexual favors) and hostile work environment harassment (where the behavior creates an intimidating, hostile, or offensive working environment).
3. Clarify that sexual harassment may be committed by anyone in the workplace, including supervisors, coworkers, or even non-employees.
4. Highlight that all individuals have a responsibility to prevent and report sexual harassment when it occurs.

Notes:
• This discussion should be conducted in an educational setting with the goal of promoting awareness and preventing discrimination.
• Encourage open dialogue and provide resources for reporting incidents of sexual harassment.

Objective: Discuss the four areas of impact that sexual harassment has on combat readiness in accordance with references.

Procedure:
1. Morale and Discipline: Sexual harassment erodes unit morale, undermines discipline, and creates a toxic environment that can lead to decreased performance and increased turnover.
2. Unit Cohesion: It weakens the sense of trust and unity among Marines, which is essential for effective teamwork in combat situations.
3. Combat Effectiveness: A lack of focus or motivation due to harassment can directly impact the ability of a unit to perform its mission effectively.
4. Legal and Operational Risks: Sexual harassment may result in legal action against the military or individual Marines, which can damage the reputation of the Marine Corps and affect operational readiness.

Notes:
• This discussion should be conducted in an educational setting with the goal of promoting awareness and preventing discrimination.
• Encourage open dialogue and provide resources for reporting incidents of sexual harassment.

Action 19: We will accelerate the implementation of our commitments on women, peace and security.

• Recognize the role of women as agents of peace.
• Ensure the full, equal, safe, and meaningful participation of women in decision-making at all levels of peace and security, including:
- Conflict prevention and resolution
- Mediation
- Peace operations
• Condemn the increased levels of all forms of violence against women and girls, particularly in:
- Armed conflict
- Post-conflict situations
- Humanitarian emergencies
• Decide to:
(a) Redouble efforts to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls by:
- Preventing setbacks
- Tackling persistent barriers to implementation of the women and peace and security agenda
- Ensuring adequate financing for initiatives that advance these efforts
(b) Deliver on commitments to ensure that women can fully, equally, safely, and meaningfully participate in all United Nations-led mediation and peace processes
(c) Take concrete steps to eliminate and prevent:
- The full range of threats and human rights violations and abuses experienced by women and girls
- Gender-based violence
- Conflict-related sexual violence in armed conflict, post-conflict situations, and humanitarian emergencies
(d) Accelerate ongoing efforts to ensure the full, equal, safe, and meaningful participation of women in peace operations

Action 8: We will achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls as a crucial contribution to progress across all the Sustainable Development Goals and targets.

Steps to Implement Action 8:
1. Take bold, ambitious, accelerated, just, and transformative actions to ensure the full and equal enjoyment of all human rights and fundamental freedoms by all women and girls.
2. Urgently remove all legal, social, and economic barriers to achieve gender equality and ensure women’s full and effective participation and equal opportunities for leadership at all levels of decision-making in political, economic, and public life.
3. Take targeted and accelerated action to eradicate all forms of violence and harassment against all women and girls, including sexual and gender-based violence.
4. Significantly increase investments to close the gender gap, including in the care and support economy, acknowledging the linkage between poverty and gender inequality and the need to strengthen support for institutions in relation to gender equality and the empowerment of women.
5. Undertake reforms to give women equal rights to economic resources, as well as access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance, natural resources, and appropriate new technology, in accordance with national laws.
6. Ensure universal access to sexual and reproductive health and reproductive rights, as agreed in accordance with the Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development and the Beijing Platform for Action and the outcome documents of their review conferences.

Objective: Identify characteristics of people with apathetic attitudes toward wildlife.

A high percentage of the American public has little connection to the land and does not think about wildlife on a daily basis. These individuals may:

• Want wildlife exterminated or removed if it damages their property
• Oppose trapping or support making it illegal after seeing pictures of animals in traps
• Not spend much time considering wildlife-related issues

Note: Their attitudes can be influenced but are not deeply rooted in personal experience.

Action: Educate them about the impact of wildlife on ecosystems and the importance of responsible management.

Objective: Understand the core beliefs of animal rights advocates.

Animal rights advocates believe that animals have the same moral rights as humans. This belief leads them to oppose any use of animals by humans, including:

• Hunting
• Trapping
• Farming practices
• Animal research
• Rodeos
• Circuses
• Horse races
• Other animal-related activities

Some advocates even oppose owning animals as pets.

Note: This is a philosophical and ethical stance rather than a medical or survival procedure.

Procedure:

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If you believe you have been discriminated against by the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife (WDFW), follow these steps:

1. Contact the WDFW ADA Program Manager at PO Box 43139, Olympia, WA 98504 within 45 calendar days of the alleged incident before filing a formal complaint.
2. Write to: Chief, Public Civil Rights Division, Department of the Interior, 1849 C Street NW, Washington DC 20240.
3. For further assistance or information, contact the Olympia office of the Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife at (360) 902-2349, or use the Telecommunications Device for the Deaf (TDD) at (360) 902-2207.

Note: Discrimination is prohibited on the bases of race, color, religion, national origin, sex, age, mental or physical disability, reprisal, sexual orientation, status as a parent, and genetic information.

As a warrior, Marines must conduct themselves above reproach in all aspects of life, including sexual relationships.

### Key Considerations:
• Duty: Conduct yourself properly at all times, guided by the Core Values of the Marine Corps.
• Discipline: Practice self-discipline to control actions and avoid promiscuity. Practice safe sex and take responsibility for your choices.
• Pride: Maintain pride in yourself and the Marine Corps. Avoid conduct that brings discredit or shame upon you or your family.
• Moral Courage: Be honest in relationships and have the courage to accept consequences, such as pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases.
• Commitment: Commit to doing the right thing, and if mistakes are made, admit them and live with the consequences.

Objective: Discuss the Marine Corps policy concerning distribution, possession, and use of illegal drugs and alcohol in accordance with references.

Content:
• Illegal Drugs: The Marine Corps strictly prohibits the distribution, possession, or use of any illegal drugs. Violations can result in disciplinary action, including discharge from service.
• Alcohol Use: Alcohol consumption is regulated to ensure operational readiness and safety. Marines must follow guidelines for responsible alcohol use, which may include restrictions on quantity, timing, and location of consumption.
• Abuse of Alcohol: The Marine Corps has policies in place to address the abuse of alcohol, including prevention programs, education, and support services for those struggling with addiction.

Key Points:
• Adherence to these policies is essential for maintaining discipline, unit cohesion, and mission success.
• Substance use or abuse can lead to legal consequences, health risks, and a loss of trust within the Marine Corps.

Responsibilities of Leaders:

• Prevention of sexual harassment is a leadership responsibility.
• Leaders must maintain proper standards of behavior by all Marines in accordance with the Marine Corps' traditional requirement for good order and discipline.
• Leaders are responsible for ensuring that subordinates do not suffer any repercussions for reporting sexual harassment.

Shared Responsibility:

Every Marine shares responsibility for maintaining proper behavior with one another so that everyone can contribute their best efforts to the accomplishment of the unit mission.

Prevention Strategy:

The best way to prevent sexual harassment is to stop it before it occurs.

### Purpose
To identify, understand, and comply with the provisions of the Law of War, including the Geneva and Hague Conventions. Additionally, to identify any suspected or known violations of the Law of War and notify the appropriate authorities.

### Performance Steps
1. Define the Customary Law of War
- a. Describe the purpose and result of the Customary Law of War.
- b. Describe the relationship between the Customary Law of War and the Hague Convention of 1907 and the Geneva Convention of 1949.

2. Describe the basics of the Hague and Geneva Conventions

3. Describe the United States' responsibilities to comply with the Hague and Geneva Conventions, and the Customary Law of War

4. Describe the limitation on targets according to the Customary Law of War and Hague Conventions
- a. Describe the International Law's prohibition on intentionally targeting or attacking civilians.
- b. Describe the Hague Regulations' prohibition on destroying or seizing enemy property unless demanded by military necessity.
- c. Describe the Hague Regulations' provisions on attacking a military target or a place occupied by a combatant force.
- d. Describe the Hague Regulations' prohibition against attacking an undefended town, village, dwellings, buildings or other such place.
- (1) Define an undefended place according to the Hague Convention.
- (2) Describe the effect of medical units, wounded and sick personnel, and police forces within the undefended place on the character or status of the undefended place.
- e. Describe when attacking or bombarding defended places is permitted.
- (1) Define a defended place
- (2) Describe the status (defended or undefended) of a city or town surrounded by detached defense positions.
- f. Describe when attacking a military objective, including bombardment, is permitted.
- g. Describe the relationship between military necessity versus unnecessary suffering or destruction.
- h. Describe the protections given to buildings dedicated to religion, art, science, or charitable purposes, or historic monuments during an attack or bombardment.
- i. Describe the effect on protected status given to buildings dedicated to religion, art, science, or charitable purposes, or historic monuments if these buildings are being used for military purposes.
- j. Describe the protections given to hospitals and other places where the sick and wounded are collected during an attack or bombardment.
- (1) Describe the effect on this protected status if enemy Soldiers are the sick or wounded inside these hospitals or medical areas.
- (2) Describe the effect on this protected status if these hospitals or medical areas are being used for military purposes.
- k. Describe what may be an illegal trick or method or treacherous act under the Law of War in regards to permissible targets.
- l. Describe why illegal tricks or methods or treacherous acts are prohibited.
- m. Describe the legality of incidental damage to surrounding buildings during an attack on a legitimate target.

5. Describe the Customary Law of War and Hague Regulations' prohibitions on using certain types of weapons
- a. Describe the Hague Regulations' prohibitions on employing arms, material, or projectiles designated to cause unnecessary suffering
- b. Describe how a Soldier could violate the Law of War by using an issued weapon in an illegal manner.
- c. Describe the Hague Regulations' prohibitions on using poison or poisoned weapons against human beings in war.
- d. Describe the 1925 Geneva Protocol's prohibition on using asphyxiating, poisonous, or other gases and the prohibition of bacteriological methods of warfare in war.
- e. Describe the 1925 Geneva Protocol's ban on using chemical weapons in war.

### Conditions: In a field, military operations in urban terrain (MOUT), or garrison environment, interact with news media when public affairs practitioners are not present.

### Standards: Identify the principles of interacting with the media.

### Performance Steps:

1. Determine whether you may participate in a media interview.
- Follow prior guidance from your chain of command.
- Use caution when expressing personal opinion.
- By Army regulation, Soldiers must have command approval to wear their uniform during media interviews, if the interview will be viewed or is viewable by the public because the public may mistakenly assume their opinions represent the Army’s official position.
- Soldiers do not have to receive prior authorization to conduct a media interview if they are acting in an unofficial capacity and not in uniform.

2. Understand your role when interacting with the media.
- Check identification or press credentials. If identification or press credentials are produced, continue with the interview. If identification or press credentials are not produced, refer the individual to your chain of command or public affairs representative.
- Recognize your rights:
- You do not have to speak to the media.
- You do not have to answer all the questions.
- You control the length of the interview.
- Maintain operations security (OPSEC). Do not discuss classified information.
- Demonstrate good judgment and professionalism.

3. Know the guidelines for speaking with the media:
- Think before you answer.
- Tell the truth. You should not lie or intentionally mislead members of the media.
- Discuss only things that you have direct responsibility for or have personal knowledge about. Speak at your level. You should discuss only matters for which you have direct knowledge.
- Do not answer speculative (what if) or hypothetical questions.
- Avoid jargon, acronyms, slang and technical terms.
- Answer the question with which you are most comfortable when asked multiple questions.
- Keep remarks brief and concise.
- Assume everything you say may be printed or broadcast.
- Use "I" not "we" when stating your opinion.
- If you do not know the answer to a question or cannot discuss it for a particular reason (for example, OPSEC, personal privacy, and so forth), say so. Avoid using "No comment."

4. Inform the chain of command of your interaction with the media.

Procedure:

When questioned by enemy forces, comply with the following:

1. Provide your name, rank, service number, and date of birth when required.
2. Evade answering further questions to the utmost of your ability.
3. Do not make any oral or written statements disloyal to your country and its allies or harmful to their cause.

Explanation:
• Article V of the Code of Conduct is mandated by the Geneva Conventions, E.O. 10631, and permitted under the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ).
• You are not required to provide any additional information beyond what is explicitly stated.
• It is permitted, but not required, to engage in certain activities such as filling out a Geneva Conventions 'capture card', writing letters home, or communicating with captors on matters of health and welfare.

Purpose: Locate and reference the Army Regulation AR 600-13, _Army Policy for the Assignment of Female Soldiers_, which was published on 27 March 1992. This regulation outlines policies for assigning female soldiers within the Army.

Procedure:
1. Access official Army publications or regulatory databases.
2. Search for AR 600-13 using the title _Army Policy for the Assignment of Female Soldiers_ and the publication date of 27 March 1992.
3. Review the regulation to understand its scope, responsibilities, and procedures related to assigning female soldiers.

Details:
• This regulation is essential for personnel involved in personnel management or equal opportunity programs.
• It provides guidance on ensuring equitable assignment of female soldiers.

Objective: Understand and enforce the Uniform Code of Military Justice (UCMJ) as a noncommissioned officer (NCO) in a leadership position.

### Conditions
• You are an NCO in a leadership position in the U.S. Army.
• You are responsible for understanding disciplinary action against a Soldier for misconduct is a command responsibility.
• You must understand the military justice system, including the UCMJ and disciplinary options available to a commander.
• You must identify potential violations of the UCMJ and report them expeditiously to appropriate authorities for investigation and processing.

### Standards
• Understand that disciplinary action against a Soldier is a command responsibility.
• Understand the military justice system, including the UCMJ and disciplinary options available to a commander.
• Identify potential violations of the UCMJ and report them expeditiously to appropriate authorities for investigation and processing.

### Performance Steps
1. Describe how disciplinary action against a Soldier is a command responsibility.
2. Identify who has authority to take disciplinary action against a Soldier for misconduct.
3. Describe a Soldier's responsibility to identify potential or actual violations of the UCMJ and expeditiously report these violations to the appropriate authorities for investigation and processing.
4. Describe a commander's responsibility to conduct a preliminary investigation into misconduct allegedly committed by a Soldier under his/her command:
- a. Describe the basis and procedures of a commander's Inquiry.
- b. Describe the basis and procedures of an AR 15-6 investigation.
- c. Describe the requirement for the military police or Criminal Investigation Command (CID) to conduct a criminal investigation.
5. List the disciplinary options available to the commander:
- a. Describe how a commander can take no action at all or close a case.

The Pilgrim Fathers played a significant role in shaping the foundations of American society by renewing and extending the principles established by earlier figures. This historical context influenced the development of new ideas, such as the belief that every man should be considered equal under the law and have fair opportunities in a land of plenty. These ideals were instrumental in the colonists' fight for independence and are reflected in the Declaration of Independence:

We hold these truths to be self-evident: that all men are created equal; that they are endowed by their Creator with certain inalienable rights; that among these are life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness.

This spirit of equality and justice was a continuation of the old-time fight against oppression and injustice, much like the knights of ancient times.

Objective: Understand the historical context and causes of the American Civil War.

Background:
• The Civil War (1861–1865) was a conflict between states in the United States, specifically between slave-holding states and free states.
• Property rights were central to this conflict. Slaves held as property in slave-holding states were not recognized as such in free states.
• This led to broader issues involving state rights, including how states interacted within the federal government and the recognition of slavery as a legal institution.

Key Points:
• The debate over slavery was not only about individual ownership but also about state sovereignty and the relationship between states in the Union.
• The conflict had deep historical roots, dating back to the Revolutionary War and the formation of the United States.

Understanding Government Roles in Property Protection

The government plays a crucial role in protecting both individuals and their property. This protection is achieved through three main branches:

1. Legislative Branch: Composed of elected officials who create laws to govern society.
2. Executive Branch: Includes leaders such as the President, governors, and mayors who are responsible for enforcing these laws.
3. Judicial Branch: Consists of judges and court officers who interpret and apply the laws in a fair manner.

It is a fundamental principle that no single individual or group should hold authority over all three branches of government to ensure checks and balances.

The Constitution of the United States, as well as state constitutions and city charters, reflects this division into legislative, executive, and judicial departments.

Procedure:

1. Understand the principle of societal upbuilding: Recognize that the purpose of government is not solely to protect property but to improve the well-being of individuals and society as a whole.

2. Assess businesses in your community: Evaluate whether local businesses contribute positively to society or degrade it. Consider factors such as ethical practices, impact on public welfare, and alignment with societal values.

3. Determine your stance on business interests: Decide which businesses you will support and which ones you will oppose based on their impact on the community and individuals.

4. Take action in public matters: When voting or participating in local governance, advocate for policies that promote businesses that upbuild society and oppose those that degrade it.

5. Recognize self-serving behavior: Identify individuals or groups who prioritize personal gain over societal well-being and take a stand against such actions.

Important Notes:
• This procedure applies to all forms of business, including gambling, lotteries, and other activities deemed harmful to society.
• The goal is to foster a community that values the rights of individuals over mere property interests.

Procedure:

1. Study the Constitution: Learn about the laws and principles that govern your country, such as the prohibition of titles of nobility.
2. Promote equality: Support efforts to ensure all citizens are treated fairly and without social or political distinction.
3. Honor historical figures: Recognize the contributions of leaders like Washington and Lincoln who served their nation selflessly.
4. Participate in civic duties: Engage in activities that contribute to your community, such as voting or volunteering.
5. Raise standards of citizenship: Strive to improve the quality of life for future generations by upholding moral and ethical values.

Procedure:

1. Determine jurisdictional coverage: Check if your jurisdiction is covered by Section 203 of the Voting Rights Act based on the most recent Census data and Federal Register notices.

2. Identify language minority groups: Ensure that voting information is provided in languages for American Indians, Asian Americans, Alaskan Natives, and Spanish-heritage citizens if they meet the threshold (more than 10,000 people or 5% of the voting age population).

3. Translate materials: Provide all voting information in both English and the required minority language(s) to ensure accessibility and prevent discrimination.

4. Verify compliance: Regularly review and update procedures based on Census data and guidelines from the Attorney General’s Minority Language Guidelines available at [http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/sec_203/203_brochure.php](http://www.justice.gov/crt/about/vot/sec_203/203_brochure.php).

Procedure:

1. Reaffirm the need to build peaceful, just, and inclusive societies that provide equal access to justice.
2. Ensure these societies are based on:
- Respect for human rights
- Rule of law at all levels
- Good governance
- Transparent, effective, and accountable institutions
3. Respect, protect, and fulfill all human rights and fundamental freedoms, including the right to development.
4. Promote the rule of law at both national and international levels.
5. Ensure equal justice for all and develop good governance at all levels.
6. Promote and protect human rights in alignment with the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development.
7. Recognize that the 2030 Agenda contains a pledge to:
- Leave no one behind
- Envision a world of universal respect for and promotion of human rights and human dignity
- Uphold the rule of law, justice, equality, and non-discrimination

Action 14. We will protect all civilians in armed conflict.

We condemn in the strongest terms the devastating impact of armed conflict on civilians, civilian infrastructure and cultural heritage, and we are particularly concerned about the disproportionate impact of violence on women, children, persons with disabilities and other persons in vulnerable situations in armed conflict. Genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, including deliberate attacks against civilians and civilian infrastructure, are prohibited under international law. We reaffirm our commitment to our obligations under international law, including international humanitarian law, international human rights law and international refugee law. We decide to:

Steps:
1. Take concrete and practical measures to protect all civilians in armed conflict.
2. Accelerate the implementation of our commitments under the children and armed conflict agenda.
3. Restrict or refrain from, as appropriate, the use of explosive weapons in populated areas when their use may be expected to cause harm to civilians or civilian objects, including essential civilian infrastructure, schools, medical facilities and places of worship, in accordance with international law.
4. Enable safe, rapid and unimpeded humanitarian access and assistance, and fully respect the humanitarian principles of humanity, neutrality, impartiality and independence, in accordance with international humanitarian law and in full respect of General Assembly resolution 46/182 of 19 December 1991 and its related resolutions on strengthening the coordination of emergency humanitarian assistance of the United Nations.
5. Respect and protect humanitarian personnel and United Nations and associated personnel, including national and locally recruited personnel, their facilities, equipment, transports and supplies, in accordance with our obligations under international law, including international humanitarian law.
6. Respect and protect journalists, media professionals and associated personnel working in situations of armed conflict and reaffirm that they shall be considered as civilians in such situations, in accordance with international humanitarian law.
7. Redouble efforts to end impunity and ensure accountability for violations of international humanitarian law, most serious crimes under international law, including genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and other atrocity crimes and other gross violations, such as the use of starvation of civilians as a method of war and gender-based violence, including conflict-related sexual violence.
8. Invite Member States to enact national legislation, regulations and procedures, where they do not already exist, to exercise control over the international transfer of conventional arms and military equipment that manage the risks that such transfers could facilitate, contribute or lead to violations of international humanitarian law and human rights law, and to ensure that such legislation, regulations and procedures are consistent with the obligations of States under applicable international treaties to which they are parties.

Objective: Ensure the effective enjoyment by all individuals of all human rights and respond to new and emerging challenges.

Action Steps:
1. Commit to Promoting and Protecting Human Rights: Continue to promote and protect all human rights and fundamental freedoms, including civil, political, economic, social, and cultural rights. This includes the right to development.
2. Recommit to Human Rights Obligations: Reaffirm the commitment to realizing obligations to respect, protect, and fulfill human rights as outlined in international human rights instruments.
3. Uphold Universality of Human Rights: Recognize that all human rights are universal, indivisible, interdependent, and interrelated. Ensure they are treated fairly and equally on the same footing with equal emphasis.
4. Support Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): Align efforts to realize the SDGs with the goal of achieving the human rights of all individuals.
5. Protect Human Rights Advocates: Ensure that individuals and civil society institutions, including non-governmental organizations and national human rights institutions, are protected from intimidation and reprisals both online and offline.
6. Strengthen Human Rights Mechanisms: Recall the mandate of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights as outlined in resolution 48/141 (20 December 1993). Request the Secretary-General to assess the need for adequate, predictable, increased, and sustainable financing for the United Nations human rights mechanisms.
7. Enhance Coordination Among UN Entities: Improve coordination and cooperation among United Nations entities working on human rights to avoid duplication of activities within their existing mandates, including through closer collaboration with the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights.

Objective: Learn about the origins and principles of sport hunting.

The term "sport hunter" originated in the United States during the mid-1800s to distinguish those who practiced "fair chase" techniques from commercial market hunters. Key aspects include:

• Fair Chase: Sport hunters use self-imposed limits on their methods to test their skills and give animals a reasonable chance to escape.
• Code of the Sportsman: This code defines proper conduct for hunters, emphasizing respect for wildlife and ethical practices.

Note: This is not a survival or medical procedure but provides historical context for hunting ethics.

Procedure:

1. Understand the purpose: Recognize that the US Constitution and Declaration of Independence do not grant rights, but rather clarify and preserve natural, fundamental human rights.

2. Acquire copies: If you do not already have a copy of these documents:
- Contact your nearest militia unit for assistance in obtaining them.
- Reach out to your Congressman or Senator and request a copy.

3. Familiarize yourself with the content: Study the Constitution thoroughly, especially its design to limit government power. This understanding will help you recognize threats to these rights.

4. Recognize opposition: Be aware that some individuals may attempt to deny the validity of these documents. These people are considered adversaries and should be approached with caution.

Important Note: The Constitution is a foundational document for American governance, and its principles are essential for understanding current political and social challenges.