Security

Procedure:

1. Disarm detainees: Remove any weapons or dangerous items from the detainees.
2. Secure detainees: Use appropriate restraints to ensure the detainees are safely contained and cannot pose a threat.
3. Verify security measures: Confirm that all detainees have been properly disarmed and secured before proceeding with further processing.

Details:
• Disarming and securing detainees is essential for the safety of personnel and the success of the mission.
• This step should be performed in accordance with established rules of engagement (ROE) and rules for the use of force (RUF).

Procedure:

1. Ensure continuous protection: Provide constant supervision and protection to detainees from the moment of capture until they are released or repatriated.
2. Maintain secure custody: Ensure that detainees are kept in a safe, controlled environment throughout their detention.
3. Monitor for security threats: Be vigilant for any signs of potential escape attempts, violence, or other security risks.

Details:
• Safeguarding detainees is critical to ensuring the success of the mission and protecting personnel involved.
• This step should be carried out in accordance with established rules of engagement (ROE) and other applicable regulations.

Procedure:

Follow these steps to complete a DD Form 2745:

1. Ensure that the following minimum information is recorded on the form:
- The date and time of capture.
- His name (if known). If unknown, use the DD Form 2745 number as the detainee's name.
- The location of the capture (grid coordinates).
- The capturing unit.
- The circumstances of the capture (e.g., how the detainee was captured, did the detainee resist, and did the detainee surrender). If space is limited, document this information on a separate sheet or another form such as DA Form 2823.

2. Tag the detainee and his/her equipment:
- Use three copies to represent parts A, B, and C of the form if using a field-expedient method.
- Attach part A to the detainee.
- Retain part B for yourself and/or the unit.
- Attach part C to confiscated property (an individual item or attached to a bag or bundle).

Procedure:

1. Determine the need for custody transfer coordination: If another unit will be responsible for transporting the detainees, coordinate with them.
2. Set the date, time, and location: Ensure all parties involved are aware of when and where the custody transfer will occur.
3. Confirm transportation logistics: Verify that the receiving unit is prepared to take over the detainees at the designated time and place.

Details:
• This step ensures a smooth transition of responsibility for detainee custody.
• Coordination minimizes confusion and potential security risks during the transfer.

Procedure:

1. Assess evacuation requirements: Determine the need for an evacuation based on mission objectives, security concerns, or other factors.
2. Request coordination with higher headquarters: Submit a formal request to higher headquarters for assistance in coordinating the evacuation of detainees.
3. Implement evacuation plan: Work with higher headquarters to execute the evacuation in accordance with established procedures and ROE/RUF.

Details:
• Coordinating with higher headquarters ensures that the evacuation is conducted safely and efficiently.
• This step should be carried out in accordance with established rules of engagement (ROE) and other applicable regulations.

Procedure:

Follow these steps to document confiscated property and evidence:

1. Mark all confiscated items with the detainee's DD Form 2745 number using one of the following methods (if time permits and materials are available):
- Place the DD Form 2745 number in the 'MPR/CIR Sequence Number' field of DA Form 4002. Annotate the item number from the DA Form 4137 and a short description in the remarks block.
- *Note:* This is the preferred method for large items because it does not damage them.
- Place the evidence on party in a resealable bag and mark the outside of the bag with a permanent marker.
- *Note:* This is the preferred method for small items.
- Write the number directly on the property with a permanent marker.
- Etch the number using a sharp object.
- *Note:* Carefully consider how and where to place identification marks on items. Unnecessary damage or destruction of items of personal property or valuable items that may ultimately be returned to the detainee or suspect is unwarranted. To avoid defacing or damaging items, identification markings should be as inconspicuous as possible. Otherwise, place the item in a container that can be sealed and marked.

2. Prepare DA Form 4137:
- Annotate the DD Form 2745 number in the 'MPR/CID sequence number' block.
- Insert the name of your unit in the 'Receiving Activity' block.
- Place an accurate description of the location your organization is currently based in the 'location' block (e.g., the installation, state, and zip code or the deployed base camp and/or operating base).
- Enter the name, grade, and title (if known) of the person who...

4. Ensure that detainees remain segregated. If a detainee attempts to move out of a designated area or advances on a guard—

• a. Attempt to use language (an interpreter) or hand signals to stop the behavior.
• b. React according to published ROE/RUF and notify your supervisor if the detainee continues.

5. Safeguard the detainees.

• a. Correct, report, and document incidents of inhumane treatment, abuse, or inappropriate conditions.
- _Note_: Acts and/or omissions that constitute inhumane treatment are violations of the law of armed conflict, and as such must be corrected immediately. Simply reporting violations is insufficient. If a violation is ongoing, every Soldier has an obligation to stop the violation as well as report it.
• b. Report any allegations or observation of abuse to your supervisor.
• c. Protect detainees from combat hazards and conflict with each other. Protect detainees from the civilian populace, public curiosity, improper treatment or care, and any emergency situation according to the unit SOPs.
• d. Protect women and children from any form of sexual abuse or harassment.
• e. Do not videotape or photograph detainees except for administrative purposes (for example, documenting in personnel, intelligence, investigative, or medical files).

3. Ensure that detainees remain silent.

• a. Do not speak to detainees unless providing orders and/or instructions. Use an interpreter if available. Answer necessary questions, but do not answer personal questions or questions that may compromise or hinder the mission.
• b. Attempt to stop unauthorized communication with other detainees using language (using an interpreter) and/or signals if a detainee attempts it.
• c. Report the individuals to your supervisor if they continue and segregate or muffle them (with an item to prevent speech or outcry without causing injury, such as cloth) as appropriate according to the unit SOPs and your supervisor's instructions.
- (1) Muffle the detainees using a soft, clean cloth stretched across the mouth and around the back of the head.
- (2) Do not place items in their mouths, hood them, or use tape or other adhesives.
- (3) Do not harm the detainees or affect their ability to breathe.
- (4) Check the detainees periodically to ensure that they are not harmed.
- (5) Muffle the detainees only for as long as needed.

Procedure:

1. Instruct soldiers on maintaining silence: Ensure that all personnel involved in detainee processing understand the importance of keeping detainees quiet.
2. Implement measures to prevent communication: Use appropriate methods (e.g., physical restraints, monitoring) to ensure that detainees cannot communicate with each other or with others outside their group.
3. Monitor compliance: Regularly check that silence is maintained and take corrective action if necessary.

Details:
• Maintaining silence among detainees helps prevent the spread of information that could compromise security or mission objectives.
• This step should be carried out in accordance with established rules of engagement (ROE) and other applicable regulations.

Title: Guard Detainees

Description: This procedure outlines the steps for guarding detainees to ensure their safety and prevent escape or harm.

Steps:
1. Ensure that detainees are properly secured in a designated area.
2. Monitor detainees continuously to prevent any unauthorized movement or actions.
3. Maintain communication with other security personnel to coordinate efforts if needed.
4. Follow established protocols for handling detainees, including medical needs and legal requirements.
5. Document all interactions with detainees and report any incidents immediately.
6. Ensure that guards are trained in de-escalation techniques and emergency response procedures.

Notes: This procedure is essential for maintaining the safety of both detainees and security personnel.

Procedure:

1. Track detainees: Ensure that all detainees are accounted for at all times during the escort mission.
2. Secure confiscated property: Safeguard any items taken from detainees to prevent loss or misuse.
3. Document custody changes: Maintain a record of all transfers and movements of detainees and property for accountability purposes.

Details:
• Maintaining accountability is critical for ensuring the safety of detainees and preventing the loss of confiscated property.
• This step should be carried out in accordance with established procedures and documentation requirements.

1. Ensure that your weapons are functional, loaded, and prepared for use, if needed.

2. Position yourself and stay alert.

• a. Remain close enough to maintain positive control, but far enough away to allow defensive reaction time.
• b. Face the detainees, observe everything in their line of sight, and report all incidents to your supervisor.
• c. Ensure that you understand mutually-supported sectors of fire, communications, and battle drills when positioned with others. If you do not, ask your supervisor for clarification.
• d. Observe and report detainee behavior. For example—
- (1) The detainee speaks fluent English during a medical exam, but feigns no knowledge of English whatsoever during interrogation.
- (2) The detainee demonstrates leadership by providing instructions to other detainees.

_Note_: This passive intelligence collection is critical during law enforcement, medical, and intelligence processing.

Procedure:

1. Assess segregation requirements: Determine if segregation of detainees is necessary based on the mission, security concerns, or other factors.
2. Implement segregation protocols: Separate detainees into groups as needed to ensure safety and operational effectiveness.
3. Maintain accountability: Ensure that all segregated detainees are properly accounted for at all times.

Details:
• Segregation may be necessary to prevent conflicts among detainees or to manage security risks.
• This step should be carried out in accordance with established rules of engagement (ROE) and other applicable regulations.

Procedure for Tagging a Detainee and Confiscated Property

Steps:

1. Tag the detainee and his/her equipment. If using a field-expedient method, ensure that you make three copies to represent parts A, B, and C of the form.
- Ensure that part A is attached to the detainee.
- Retain part B for yourself and/or the unit.
- Ensure that part C is attached to confiscated property (an individual item or attached to a bag or bundle).

Procedure:

Follow these steps to assist a detainee to stand after a search:

1. Turn the detainee onto the side facing away from you.
2. Direct the detainee to bring his/her knees to his/her chest.
3. Grasp the detainee's arms at the shoulder area and assist him/her to his/her knees.
4. Pull back on the detainee's arms to help him/her rise to his/her feet.
5. Ensure that the guard remains focused on the detainee and gathers information as to the detainee's demeanor.

Procedure:

a. Brief detainees on the planned movement.

b. Use an interpreter (when available) to give clear, brief instructions in their own language, if possible.

c. Give no more information than is necessary to the detainees.

d. As a minimum, brief them on the following:
1. The actions to take upon hearing the command 'Halt.'
2. The requirement to remain silent at all times.

Note: It may become necessary to muffle and/or blindfold unruly detainees. If required and authorized, silence uncooperative detainees by muffling them using a soft, clean cloth tied around their mouth and fastened at the back of the head.
- Do not harm the detainees or affect the detainees' ability to breathe.
- Do not use duct tape or other adhesives, place cloth or objects inside the mouth, or use physical force to silence detainees.
- Instruct guards to periodically check detainees to ensure that they are not harmed.
- Muffle detainees only for as long as needed.

Procedure:

Load the detainees for transport by rail.

Steps:
1. Follow standard procedures for loading detainees onto rail vehicles, ensuring that all security and restraint measures are in place.
2. Ensure that detainees are properly restrained during transport.
3. Maintain segregation to the maximum extent possible.
4. Use blindfolds as appropriate to provide operations security.
5. Ensure that Soldiers search transport vehicles for contraband before and after each escort.

Procedure:

Load the detainees for transport by wheeled vehicle.

Steps:
1. Search each vehicle to ensure that no contraband or weapons are present.
2. Position guards at the front and rear of each vehicle.
3. Place the escort security vehicles at the front and rear of the columns.
4. Designate the vehicles in the rear to provide flank security and chase.
5. Ensure that Soldiers assist restrained detainees on and off vehicles.

Procedure:

1. Maintain segregation to the maximum extent possible.
- This includes separating detainees based on security, behavioral risk, and other relevant factors.
- Ensure that segregation is maintained during all phases of movement and transport.
- Use appropriate restraints and monitoring techniques to enforce segregation.

Procedure:

1. Ensure that Soldiers mark confiscated items that will be retained or destroyed (such as weapons, personal items, and investigatory/evidentiary items) for identification if time permits.

2. Use a plastic bag or similar container to identify, collect, and temporarily store items that cannot be individually marked due to insufficient time caused by an imminent attack or any other emergency.

3. Mark property according to task 191-377-4254.

Steps:
1. Muffle the detainees using a soft, clean cloth stretched across the mouth and around the back of the head.
2. Do not place items in their mouths, hood them, or use tape or other adhesives.
3. Ensure that muffling does not harm the detainee or affect their ability to breathe.
4. Check the detainees periodically to ensure they are not harmed.
5. Muffle the detainees only for as long as needed.

Notes:
• This procedure should be followed in accordance with unit SOPs and supervisor instructions.

Procedure:

1. Put the detainees in close-column formation.
- Disposable restraints can remain fastened behind the detainees' backs, but the supervisor has discretion to place disposable restraints to the front when escorting detainees by foot.
- Factors to consider for this decision should include type of terrain, distance, and length of travel.

2. Do not blindfold detainees for movement by foot.

3. Place escort vehicles at the front and rear of the columns.

4. Transport supplies in vehicles.

5. Designate a vehicle in the rear of the formation for chase and/or straggler control.

6. Designate a separate vehicle in the rear for medical support.

7. Designate walking guards on the flanks.
- The number of guards required will be based on mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, civil considerations (METT-TC) and the supervisor's discretion.

8. Ensure that Soldiers search transport vehicles for contraband before and after each escort.

Procedure:

a. Prepare a manifest or roster listing all of the detainees that will be escorted.

b. Account for detainees using a locally produced manifest.

c. Use any appropriate method available, such as a computer program or a pencil and paper, to create a manifest that includes the following minimum required information:

1. Name (if known).
2. DD Form 2745 number.
- *Note:* The DD Form 2745 number is the only number used to account for a detainee until an internment serial number (ISN) is assigned at a theater internment facility (TIF).
3. The capturing unit.
4. The vehicle in which the detainees will be transported.
5. The destination.

Steps:
1. Demonstrate leadership by providing clear instructions to other detainees.
2. Ensure that detainees remain silent unless necessary for orders or instructions.
3. Use an interpreter if available when communicating with detainees.
4. Answer only necessary questions and avoid answering personal questions or those that may compromise the mission.
5. Attempt to stop unauthorized communication between detainees using language (via interpreter) and/or signals.
6. Report individuals who continue unauthorized communication to your supervisor.
7. Segregate or muffle detainees as appropriate according to unit SOPs and supervisor instructions.

Notes:
• This passive intelligence collection is critical during law enforcement, medical, and intelligence processing.

Procedure:

1. Assess resource needs: Evaluate if additional resources such as food, water, and support are required along the escort route.
2. Check with higher headquarters: Confirm whether these resources have already been factored in by higher headquarters.
3. Request necessary supplies: If not already provided, formally request the needed resources to ensure the safety and well-being of detainees during transport.

Steps:
1. React to an escape according to rehearsed battle drills and standard operating procedures (SOPs).
2. Allow the Soldiers and/or guards closest to the escapee to recover him.
3. Remain focused on the detainees if you are not involved in the recovery of the escape.

Notes:
• This procedure should be followed strictly to ensure the safety of all personnel and prevent further escalation.

Steps:
1. Correct, report, and document incidents of inhumane treatment, abuse, or inappropriate conditions.
2. Report any allegations or observations of abuse to your supervisor immediately.
3. Protect detainees from combat hazards and conflict with each other.
4. Ensure that detainees are protected from the civilian populace, public curiosity, improper treatment or care, and emergency situations according to unit SOPs.
5. Specifically protect women and children from any form of sexual abuse or harassment.
6. Do not videotape or photograph detainees except for administrative purposes (e.g., documenting in personnel, intelligence, investigative, or medical files).

Notes:
• Acts or omissions that constitute inhumane treatment are violations of the law of armed conflict and must be corrected immediately.

Procedure:

Ensure that detainees are properly restrained during transport.

Steps:
1. Do not daisy chain detainees together or fasten them to a fixed object during movement, unless it is a military necessity or commanded by a higher authority. Vehicle collisions could severely injure restrained limbs.
2. Ensure that detainees are always wearing a seat belt while on board an aircraft.
3. Use blindfolds as appropriate to provide operations security.
4. Maintain segregation to the maximum extent possible.

Additional Information:
• Disposable restraints can remain fastened behind the detainees' backs, but the supervisor has discretion to place disposable restraints to the front when escorting detainees by foot. Factors to consider for this decision should include type of terrain, distance, and length of travel.
• Do not blindfold detainees for movement by foot.
• The number of guards required will be based on mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, civil considerations (METT-TC) and the supervisor's discretion.
• Ensure that Soldiers search transport vehicles for contraband before and after each escort.

Steps:
1. Ensure that detainees remain segregated in designated areas.
2. If a detainee attempts to move out of their designated area or advances on a guard:
- Attempt to use language (via interpreter) or hand signals to stop the behavior.
- React according to published ROE/RUF and notify your supervisor if the detainee continues the behavior.

Notes:
• This is critical for maintaining control and preventing escalation.

Procedure:

1. Update higher headquarters on the situation after all detainees have been processed.
2. Include the following information:
- a. Date, time, and location of capture.
- b. Total number of detainees, their categories (if known), and all DD Form 2745 numbers.
- c. Any confiscated items of intelligence value.
- d. Any acts or allegations of inhumane treatment or abuse.
- e. Any detainees requiring medical assistance.

Procedure:

a. Direct the Soldiers to search the detainees for any weapons or contraband that may have been missed by the initial search.

b. Prepare a manifest or roster listing all of the detainees that will be escorted. Account for detainees using a locally produced manifest. Use any appropriate method available, such as a computer program or a pencil and paper, to create a manifest that includes the following minimum required information:

• (1) Name (if known).
• (2) DD Form 2745 number.
_Note:_ The DD Form 2745 number is the only number used to account for a detainee until an internment serial number (ISN) is assigned at a theater internment facility (TIF).
• (3) The capturing unit.
• (4) The vehicle in which the detainees will be transported.
• (5) The destination.

c. Inventory detainees by using the DD Form 2745 numbers. Ensure that each detainee has been tagged using a DD Form 2745 and that Part A is hanging visibly from the detainee. If this is not complete, ensure that the releasing unit prepares the DD Form 2745 before accepting custody of the detainees. If your unit was the capturing unit, you or your Soldiers must prepare the DD Forms 2745.

(1) Inventory confiscated item bundles using DA Form 4137s.

(a) Ensure that all confiscated equipment and material is accounted for, linked to the DD Form 2745 number, and tagged with DD Form 2745, Part C.

(b) Ensure that the releasing unit prepares the proper documentation before accepting the property if the confiscated equipment and material is not tagged.

(2) Prepare the proper accountability documents, or have your Soldiers prepare it if your unit was the capturing unit.

d. Brief detainees on the planned movement. Use an interpreter (when available) to give clear, brief instructions in their own language, if possible. Give no more information than is necessary to the detainees. As a minimum, brief them on the following:

(1) The actions to take upon hearing the command "Halt."

(2) The requirement to remain silent at all times.

_Note:_ It may become necessary to muffle and/or blindfold unruly detainees. If required and authorized, silence uncooperative detainees by muffling them using a soft, clean cloth tied around their mouth and fastened at the back of the head. Do not harm the detainees or affect the detainees' ability to breathe. Do not use duct tape or other adhesives, place cloth or objects inside the mouth, or use physical force to silence detainees. Instruct guards to periodically check detainees to ensure that they are not harmed. Muffle detainees only for as long as needed.

Procedure:

1. Identify any unusual odor indicating that containers may contain fuel.
2. Look for foreign objects in the air filter cavity.
3. Look for the cold air filter.
4. Look for freshly painted areas, new welds, shiny bolts, or sheet metal work on firewalls.
5. Check for a clean engine in a dirty car.
6. Check the hood to see if it feels heavy when opened and closed. Have the driver open the hood, but move the hood up and down yourself.
7. Look for a false wall or modified fender compartment.
8. Identify any clean or wiped areas.

Procedure:

1. Search the dash, including:
- (1) Electrical components. See if the components function or if the light emitting diode (LED) is on when the vehicle power is off.
- (2) New, damaged, or scratched screws.
- (3) Plugged air vents.
- (4) Broken or missing blowers.
2. Look for a false compartment in the glove box.
3. Look for unusual lumps or bulges in the front and/or rear seats.
4. Feel for rigid front and/or rear seats.
5. Look for a false or modified ceiling.
6. Look for an unusually thick floor.
7. Look for stress cracks in the windshield (no stone impact mark).

Procedure:

1. Check for a new trunk mat and/or carpet.
2. Check for caulk, glue, or any other strange smells.
3. Check the trunk lid to see if it feels heavy when opened and closed.
4. Look for a raised floor.
5. Identify any strange odors from the spare tire.
6. Listen for nonhollow or inconsistent sounds in the walls.
7. Look for an unusual space between the back seat and trunk wall.
8. Look to see if the spare tire is not flush with the floor.

Procedure:

1. Look for a false wall or modified fender compartment.
2. Identify any clean or wiped areas.
3. Search the trunk compartment, if applicable.
- Check for a new trunk mat and/or carpet.
- Check for caulk, glue, or any other strange smells.
- Check the trunk lid to see if it feels heavy when opened and closed.
- Look for a raised floor.
- Identify any strange odors from the spare tire.
- Listen for nonhollow or inconsistent sounds in the walls.
- Look for an unusual space between the back seat and trunk wall.
4. Look to see if the spare tire is not flush with the floor.

Procedure:

1. Use a flashlight and mirror to carefully inspect under the vehicle for general indicators of explosive devices or prohibited items.
2. Search the entire vehicle, paying particular attention to high-threat 'hot spot' areas denoted in figures 191-376-5141-1 through 191-376-5141-17.

Note: This step is part of a broader vehicle inspection process.

Procedure:

• If the vehicle has a cargo area, inspect it for the following:
1. Inconsistent or nonhollow sounds when tapped, indicating potential hollow spaces or hidden objects.
2. Fresh paint or body filler, suggesting recent modifications or concealment.
3. An unusually thick floor, which may indicate tampering or hidden compartments.
4. A false ceiling, indicating potential concealment of items.
5. Any caulk and/or glue, indicating potential concealment of items.
6. Any strange smell, which could suggest chemical agents or explosives.

c. Check the exterior sides, including—

• (1) Compartments, new welds, taped items, or fresh paint in the front fender wells.

- (2) Doors that feel heavy when swung.

• (3) Foreign items in the gas tank tube (driver opens the gas tank for inspection).

Procedure:

• Inspect the tires for the following:
1. New tires that appear recently installed.
2. Tires with a solid sound when tapped, which may indicate tampering or hidden objects.
3. Strange odor from an air valve, which could suggest chemical agents or explosives.
4. Unusually clean or dirty lug nuts or hubcaps compared to other wheels, indicating potential modification or concealment of items.

e. Determine the specific reason why the driver and occupants need access to the installation by asking questions such as—

- (1) Where are you going?

- (2) Who are you going to meet?

- (3) Do you drive this vehicle most of the time?

- (4) Would there be any contraband or prohibited items in this vehicle?

- (5) Has this vehicle had any repairs recently? If so, what?

CAUTION: Always position yourself so that you are highly visible to traffic with a good approach sight distance and wear a reflective vest so that the vehicle driver can see you easily. Never step into the path of an approaching vehicle to direct movement or to stop the vehicle.

Steps:
1. Direct the driver to turn off the engine and apply the parking brake.
2. Interview the driver and vehicle occupants:
- a. Identify yourself to the driver and occupants.
- b. Inform the driver that the vehicle must be searched as a condition for entry onto the installation.
- c. Identify each occupant by physically taking possession of and looking at the military or Department of Defense (DOD) identification (ID) card, state driver's license, or another form of a state or federal government-issued photo ID card, and comparing the photo to the person.
- _Note:_ Notify your supervisor and the military police if the photo on the ID card does not match the individual being identified or if the ID card has been altered.
- d. Request to see the following documentation:
- (1) Vehicle registration.
- (2) Logbook or itinerary.
- (3) Manifest, shipping papers, or bill of lading.
- _Note:_ Notify your supervisor and the military police if you feel the documentation you are being shown is not valid.
- e. Determine specifics of a cargo shipment by asking questions such as:
- (1) Where are you going?
- (2) What is your cargo and did you watch it being loaded?
- (3) What is the name and position of the person you are delivering the cargo to?
- (4) Do you drive this vehicle most of the time?
- (5) Are there any contraband or prohibited items in this vehicle?
- (6) Has this vehicle had any repairs recently? If so, what?
- f. Maintain eye contact with the driver, observe the occupants throughout the interview, and report suspicious behavior to the supervisor.
- g. Notify the supervisor and the military police if the driver appears impaired from the use of alcohol or drugs or if any suspected prohibited items are in plain view during the interview.
3. Direct the occupants to exit the vehicle:
- a. Direct the driver to open all interior compartments, doors, the hood, the trunk, and rear doors (if applicable) of the vehicle, while maintaining constant observation.
- b. Direct the occupants to move to a designated safe area (about 5 meters from the vehicle, out of the flow of traffic) where they can be observed.

Procedure:

• Inspect the engine compartment for the following:
1. A large battery box or extra battery, indicating potential tampering or concealment.
2. Odd and/or clean wires, suggesting modifications or hidden items.
3. Larger components such as air cleaner and fan blade shrouds, which may indicate tampering or concealment.

Steps:
1. Determine if the commercial vehicle is a tractor (see figure 191-376-5141-1).
2. Determine if the commercial vehicle is a trailer (see figure 191-376-5141-2).
3. Determine if the commercial vehicle is a hot-liquid asphalt tanker (see figure 191-376-5141-3).
4. Determine if the commercial vehicle is a closed hopper vessel (see figure 191-376-5141-4).
5. Determine if the commercial vehicle is a gasoline trailer (see figure 191-376-5141-5).

Procedure:

1. Ensure the engine is off and the parking brake is set before beginning the inspection.
2. Do not wear jewelry or other dangling items that can become snagged on a vehicle.
3. Check the exterior front of the vehicle, including:
- Headlights that are not working.
- A modified front grill or false compartment.
- No access to the front bumper cavity.
4. Check the exterior sides of the vehicle, including:
- Compartments, new welds, taped items, or fresh paint in the front fender wells.
- Doors that feel heavy when swung.
- Foreign items in the gas tank tube (driver opens the gas tank for inspection).
5. WARNING: Death or serious injury may result if you breathe toxic agents while searching the gas tank tube of vehicles.
6. Check the tires, including:
- New tires.
- Tires with a solid sound.
- Strange odor from an air valve.
- Unusually clean or dirty lug nuts or hubcaps compared to other wheels.
7. Check the exterior rear of the vehicle, including:
- Taillights that are not working.
- No access to the rear bumper cavity.
8. Check the tailgate (if applicable), including:
- An unusually heavy tailgate.
- Fresh paint or body filler.
- Inconsistent or nonhollow sounds when tapped.
9. Check the pickup bed (if applicable), including:
- Inconsistent or nonhollow sounds when tapped.
- Fresh paint or body filler.
- An unusually thick floor.
- Unusual welds and/or seams.
- Any caulking.
10. Check the cargo area (if applicable), including:
- Inconsistent or nonhollow sounds when tapped.
- Fresh paint or body filler.
- An unusually thick floor.
- A false ceiling.
- Any caulk and/or glue.
- Any strange smell.
11. Search the engine compartment, including:
- Look for a large battery box or extra battery.
- Look for odd and/or clean wires.
- Look for larger components (air cleaner and fan blade shrouds).

Procedure:

1. Inspect the commercial vehicle for visual characteristics of a boat and boat trailer.
2. Refer to Figure 191-376-5141-17 for guidance on identifying boats and boat trailers.
3. Look for features such as hulls, oars, and trailer hitch systems designed for water transportation.

Note: This step is part of a broader vehicle inspection process.

Procedure:

1. Inspect the commercial vehicle for visual characteristics of a camper or motor home.
2. Refer to Figure 191-376-5141-16 for guidance on identifying campers or motor homes.
3. Look for features such as living quarters, sleeping areas, and recreational equipment.

Note: This step is part of a broader vehicle inspection process.

Procedure:

1. Inspect the commercial vehicle for visual characteristics of a concrete truck or mixer.
2. Refer to Figure 191-376-5141-14 for guidance on identifying concrete trucks or mixers.
3. Look for features such as rotating drums, large tanks, and markings specific to construction materials transportation.

Note: This step is part of a broader vehicle inspection process.

Procedure:

1. Inspect the commercial vehicle for visual characteristics of a dump truck.
2. Refer to Figure 191-376-5141-15 for guidance on identifying dump trucks.
3. Look for features such as open cargo beds, hydraulic lifting systems, and markings specific to heavy material transportation.

Note: This step is part of a broader vehicle inspection process.

Procedure:

1. Inspect the commercial vehicle for visual characteristics of a garbage truck with a permanent bed.
2. Refer to Figure 191-376-5141-11 for guidance on identifying garbage trucks with permanent beds.
3. Look for features such as large open cargo areas, compactors, and waste collection systems.

Note: This step is part of a broader vehicle inspection process.

Procedure:

1. Inspect the commercial vehicle for visual characteristics of a propane tanker.
2. Refer to Figure 191-376-5141-7 for guidance on identifying propane tankers.
3. Look for features such as cylindrical tanks, pressure relief valves, and markings specific to gas transportation.

Note: This step is part of a broader vehicle inspection process.

Procedure:

1. Inspect the commercial vehicle for visual characteristics of a refrigeration trailer.
2. Refer to Figure 191-376-5141-10 for guidance on identifying refrigeration trailers.
3. Look for features such as insulated walls, temperature control units, and external cooling systems.

Note: This step is part of a broader vehicle inspection process.

Procedure:

1. Inspect the commercial vehicle for visual characteristics of a semivan trailer, straight-box truck, or step van.
2. Refer to Figure 191-376-5141-9 for guidance on identifying these types of vehicles.
3. Look for features such as box-shaped cargo areas, loading ramps, and specific body styles.

Note: This step is part of a broader vehicle inspection process.

Objective: Ensure only authorized individuals are allowed entry into relocation areas.

Procedure:
1. Establish access control/check points around the relocation area to monitor all entries.
2. Implement a credentialing/authorization system for verifying identities of individuals attempting to enter.
3. Verify missions and protocols for those entering, including contamination and exposure control procedures.
4. Provide resources and manpower to secure access points, including radiation protective equipment for workers.
5. Ensure plans include provisions for temporary reentry as outlined in evaluation criteria M.1 and M.1.b.

Notes:
• Access control is essential to prevent unauthorized entry and ensure safety within the relocation area.
• Credentialing systems should be clearly defined and communicated to all relevant personnel.

Procedure for Implementing Immediate Gate Closure Procedures Based on FPCON Levels

Steps:
1. Identify the appropriate Force Protection Condition (FPCON) level:
- Determine whether the current situation falls under Normal, Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, or Delta.
2. Follow local Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) for gate closure:
- Ensure that all personnel are aware of and follow the procedures specific to the FPCON level.
3. Execute immediate gate closure actions as required:
- Secure gates in accordance with the FPCON level.
- Coordinate with other security personnel or units if necessary.

Procedure for Conducting Gate Equipment Inventory and Inspection

Steps:
1. Perform a gate equipment inventory:
- Check all traffic control devices (e.g., portable lighting, traffic cones) to ensure they are in working condition.
- Replace or repair any items that are knocked over or damaged as soon as possible.
2. Ensure that the facility is inspected before the end of the shift:
- Re-inspect the gate house and visitor's center for any changes or new issues.
- Verify that all equipment is accounted for and in proper working order.
3. Document any discrepancies found during the inventory or inspection:
- Record all findings in the appropriate log or report.
- Ensure that all deficiencies are reported or annotated for the record.

Procedure for Conducting a Visual Inspection of a Person Approaching an Installation:

1. Check for suspicious items: Look to see if the person is carrying a briefcase, box, or any item that should be checked according to the local SOP.
2. Observe for unusual bulges in clothing: Check for any unusual bulges in the person's clothing.
3. Assess dress code appropriateness: Observe whether the person is dressed inappropriately for the time of year or season (e.g., a long jacket in hot weather).
4. Look for signs of suspicious behavior: Observe the person approaching for anything that would arouse suspicion or indicate terrorist activity.

Notes:
• This procedure should be conducted with attention to detail and in accordance with local SOPs.
• If any suspicious items or behaviors are observed, proceed to stop the person and conduct further checks.

### Control Entry to and Exit from a Restricted Area

#### Conditions:
You are assigned to control entry to and exit from a restricted area. You are given special orders, identification cards or badges, local standing operating procedures (SOPs), access rosters, communications equipment, locally produced forms, and the current duress code.

#### Standards:
Prevent unauthorized personnel, packages, and/or vehicles from entering or leaving the restricted area.

### Performance Steps
1. Identify personnel before allowing them to enter or exit the restricted area.
• Ensure that only one individual is processed in or out at any given time.
• Verify the person's identity by comparing the person's face with the photograph on the identification card.
• Ensure that the name of the person attempting to enter is on the access roster. The site commander or custodian must authenticate the access roster.
• Obtain authority to enter, if applicable, for personnel whose names are not on the access roster. Call the sergeant of the guards, the security officer, or the vouching officer.
• Ensure that personnel entering the facility know the most direct route to their destination.

2. Use the following card and badge systems:
• Single card or badge system. Permission to enter is shown on the card or badge by letters, numerals, or colors.
• Card or badge exchange system.
- The individual entering the area presents the badge or card to the guard and the guard exchanges it with the card or badge kept at the entrance.
- The individual again exchanges the card or badge when leaving the area.
- *Note:* Always keep the second card or badge in the area.
• Multiple card or badge system.
- Exchange the card or badge at the entrance to each security area within the installation.
- Keep cards and badges at each area only for those personnel who have the appropriate card or badge.
- Brief the badge holder that the badge must be displayed at all times when in the controlled or restricted area.
- *Note:* For comparison purposes, the card and badge data are identical.

3. Obtain an escort for visitors with authority to enter the restricted area according to special orders.

4. Use challenges, passwords, and code words in tactical areas.

5. Use a duress code.

6. Check the authorization for vehicle entry and exit.
• Log all vehicles entering or leaving the area. Include in the log the description of the vehicle, the identity of the driver, the purpose of the visit, and the destination.
• Arrange an escort for all vehicles entering the area according to special orders.

7. Prohibit entry (into the restricted area) of harmful material—such as matches, cameras, and any other items prohibited by the special orders.
• Be alert for the wrongful appropriation, pilferage, or compromise of materials or recorded information.
• Make periodic spot checks of personnel.
• Search all packages.
• Search vehicles before allowing them to enter or exit.

8. Take the appropriate actions in the event of a security violation.
• Detain the suspect until help arrives.
• Report a discovery of security violations.
• Apprehend the suspect.
• Prepare a detailed, written report.

Procedure for Granting or Denying Access to an Installation:

1. Direct the person to the access control operations center if they cannot produce an authorized form of a state or federal government-issued photo ID card, or if they need to be checked against the barred persons list, vouched for by an authorized person on the installation, or denied access.
2. Grant access to personnel producing proper identification, and signal them to proceed.
3. Deny access to personnel who do not have proper ID.
4. Notify your supervisor of any problems or suspicious activity during the process.

Notes:
• Always ensure that the person is properly identified before granting access.
• If in doubt, deny access and consult with a supervisor.
• Maintain a log of all denied accesses for security purposes.

Step 1: Define access—the ability or opportunity to gain knowledge of classified information. Access is based on:
- (1) Security clearance: Ensure that personal security clearance is equal to or exceeds the classification level of the material required to perform official duties.
- (2) Need-to-know: Ensure that a determination has been made by an authorized holder of classified information that a prospective recipient requires access to specific information in order to perform or assist in a lawful and authorized government function.

Note: No one has a right to have access to classified information solely by virtue of rank or position.

Step 2: Prevent unauthorized persons from gaining access to classified material:
- (1) Keep all classified documents under constant observation when removed from storage.
- (2) Keep all documents face down or covered when not in use.
- (3) Place one of the following cover sheets on all classified material:
- (a) SF 705 for confidential information.
- (b) SF 704 for secret information.
- (c) SF 703 for top secret information.

Step 3: Define Special Access Program: This is a program for a specific class of classified information that imposes safeguarding and access requirements that exceed those normally required for information at the same classification level.

Procedure for Stopping and Identifying a Person at an Installation Access Point:

1. Use verbal command or hand-and-arm signals to stop the person.
2. Identify each person by physically taking possession of and looking at their ID card, such as a military or DOD ID, state driver's license, or another form of a state or federal government-issued photo ID card.
3. Compare the photo on the ID with the person to ensure it matches.
4. Inspect the ID card to ensure that it is valid and has not been altered.
5. Maintain eye contact throughout the interview and report any suspicious behavior to the supervisor.
6. Inquire about the contents of any suspicious briefcase, package, or container.
7. Notify your supervisor and the military police desk if:
- The photo does not match the person
- You are unsure that the ID is valid
- You suspect the ID has been altered

Notes:
• This procedure should be followed strictly to ensure security at installation access points.
• Always maintain a professional demeanor and follow local SOPs.

Procedure:

• Arrange an escort for all vehicles entering the area according to special orders.

Details:
• Ensure that only authorized personnel and vehicles are allowed entry into restricted areas.
• Follow any specific instructions outlined in special orders regarding vehicle escorts.

### Procedure: Conduct Access Control Operations for Pedestrians and Vehicle Entrants

Steps:

1. Determine if the person attempting entry is a pedestrian or in a vehicle.
2. Perform a visual check of the exterior front of the vehicle as it approaches.
3. Stop the vehicle by using hand-and-arm signals.
4. Identify the driver and vehicle occupants.
5. Determine if the vehicle and occupants are authorized access.
6. Grant or deny the vehicle and occupants access to the installation by using a verbal command and/or hand-and-arm signals.
7. Perform a visual check of the person approaching the pedestrian gate.
8. Stop the person by using a verbal command and/or hand-and-arm signals.
9. Identify each person and ask what they were carrying if anything.
10. Grant or deny the person access to the installation by using a verbal command or hand-and-arm signals.

### Additional Steps:
• If the person cannot produce an authorized form of a state or federal government-issued photo ID card, direct them to the access control operations center.
• Deny the person access to the installation if they do not have proper ID.
• Notify the supervisor of any problems or suspicious activity.

### Details:
• Look to see if the person is carrying a briefcase, box, or any item that should be checked according to the local SOP.
• Observe the person for unusual bulges in clothing and for being dressed inappropriately for the time of year or season (for example, a long jacket in hot weather).
• Observe the person approaching for anything that would arouse suspicion or indicate terrorist activity.
• Identify each person by physically taking possession of and looking at the military or DOD ID card, state driver's license, or another form of a state or federal government-issued photo ID card.
- Compare the photo to the person and inspect the ID card to ensure that it is valid and has not been altered.
- Maintain eye contact with the person throughout the interview and report suspicious behavior to the supervisor.
- Inquire about the contents of any suspicious briefcase, package, or container.
• Notify your supervisor and the military police desk if the photo does not match the person, if you are unsure that the identification you are being shown is valid, or if you suspect that the ID card has been altered.

### Notes:
• Use a training site suitable for access control operations and ensure it is well-lit.
• If using vehicles in the DOD inventory with a DOD decal, ensure role players are authorized to operate the equipment prior to beginning this task.
• Instruct role players to comply with instructions given by the Soldier being tested.

Procedure:

1. Identify the specific security measures needed to apply the system to the following categories:
- Unit personnel: Establish protocols for access and behavior within secured areas.
- Visitors to restricted areas: Implement strict screening, identification verification, and escort requirements.
- Visitors to administrative areas: Enforce limited access with appropriate authorization levels.
- Vendors, tradesmen, and so forth: Ensure background checks and controlled access during work hours.
- Contractor personnel: Apply security clearance procedures and monitor activities within the facility.
- Maintenance or support personnel: Implement temporary access protocols with supervision.
- Fail-safe procedures during power outages: Prepare backup systems, emergency lighting, and manual override capabilities for critical infrastructure.
- Monthly or quarterly inspection: Schedule routine checks to ensure compliance with security standards and identify vulnerabilities.

Procedure:

1. Check if the vehicle has a DOD decal:
- If it does not, direct the driver to pull to the inspection lane to be checked.

2. Verify that unidentified persons can produce authorized forms of a state or federal government-issued photo ID card:
- If they cannot, direct them to the access control operations center for further action (e.g., search, check against the barred persons list, vouching by an authorized person on the installation, or denial of access).

3. Be aware that the driver or occupants may be under duress, and local SOPs may implement a duress code policy to alert access controllers.

Note: Local SOPs will dictate whether a temporary visitor's pass is issued for vehicles without a DOD decal.

Procedure for Ensuring Proper Public Interaction at Access Control Points

Steps:
1. Ensure that personnel maintain appropriate military bearing:
- Remain polite and courteous in all interactions with the public.
2. Prevent idle conversation that impedes the flow of vehicle or foot traffic:
- Direct personnel to focus on their duties rather than engaging in unnecessary conversations.
3. Ensure that all communication is professional and efficient:
- Use clear and concise language when interacting with individuals.
- Avoid any behavior that could be perceived as unprofessional or disrespectful.

Procedure:

1. Physically take possession of and look at the military or DOD identification (ID) card, state driver's license, or another form of a state or federal government-issued photo ID card from each occupant.

2. Compare the photo on the ID to the person to ensure they match.

3. Inspect the ID card to ensure it is valid and has not been altered.

4. If the photo does not match the person, or if you are unsure that the ID card is valid, or suspect it has been altered:
- Notify your supervisor and the military police immediately.

5. Maintain eye contact with the driver and observe all occupants throughout the interview.

6. Report any suspicious behavior to your supervisor during the interaction.

Procedure:

1. Visually inspect the person approaching the pedestrian gate.

2. Ensure that the individual is properly identified and authorized for access, if applicable.

3. If any suspicious behavior or inconsistencies are observed, report them to your supervisor immediately.

Procedure:

• Prohibit entry (into the restricted area) of harmful material—such as matches, cameras, and any other items prohibited by the special orders.

Details:
• Ensure that no prohibited items are brought into the restricted area.
• Follow the list of prohibited items provided in special orders.
• Enforce these restrictions strictly to maintain security.

Procedure for Reviewing Preliminary Investigation Reports on Access Control Violations

Steps:
1. Obtain and review preliminary investigation reports generated by access control personnel:
- Ensure that all identified violations are documented.
- Analyze the nature of the violations (e.g., unauthorized entry, improper identification).
2. Take appropriate action based on the findings in the reports:
- Follow up with relevant personnel or units as needed.
- Ensure that any necessary corrective actions are taken to prevent future violations.

Conditions: You are on duty performing installation access control. You are given a reflective vest, a duty uniform, the local standing operating procedure (SOP), and a directive to check all persons in vehicles and pedestrians attempting to enter the installation.

Standards: Ensure that only authorized traffic enters the installation and take action to prevent unauthorized personnel, packages, and/or vehicles from entering the installation.

### Performance Steps

1. Determine if the person attempting entry is a pedestrian or is in a vehicle.
- *Note*: If the individual is a pedestrian, skip to step 7.

2. Perform a visual check of the exterior front of the vehicle as it approaches.
- a. Look at the windshield or bumper and verify that the Department of Defense (DOD) decal is visible and valid.
- b. Observe the approach of the vehicle for anything that would arouse suspicion and indicate foul play or terrorist activity.

3. Stop the vehicle by using hand-and-arm signals.
- DANGER: Always position yourself so you are highly visible to traffic with good approach sight distance. Never step into the path of an approaching vehicle to direct movement or to stop the vehicle.

4. Position yourself so that you are on the driver's side (where the center line of the road would be) of the approaching vehicle.
- b. Assume a comfortable balanced stance.
- c. Direct the vehicle to stop verbally and/or by extending your arm.

5. Identify the driver and vehicle occupants.
- a. Identify each occupant by physically taking possession of, and looking at, the military or DOD identification (ID) card, state driver's license, or another form of a state or federal government-issued photo ID card.
- (1) Compare the photo to the person and inspect the ID card to ensure that it is valid and has not been altered.
- (2) Notify your supervisor and the military police if the photo does not match the person, if you are unsure that the ID card you are being shown is valid, or if you suspect that the ID card has been altered.
- b. Maintain eye contact with the driver and observe all occupants throughout the interview, and report suspicious behavior to your supervisor.

6. Determine if the vehicle and occupants are authorized access.
- a. Determine if the vehicle has a DOD decal. If it does not, direct the driver to pull to the inspection lane to be checked.
- b. Determine if unidentified persons can produce authorized forms of a state or federal government-issued photo ID card. If not, direct them to the access control operations center to possibly be searched, to be checked against the barred persons list, to be vouched for by an authorized person on the installation, or to be denied access to the installation.
- *Note*: Keep in mind that the driver or other occupants of the vehicle may be under duress by the unidentified person. Because of this potential problem, local SOPs and commanders may implement a duress code policy that would alert access controllers and as to what actions to take.

7. Grant or deny the vehicle and occupants access to the installation by using a verbal command and/or hand-and-arm signals.
- *Note*: Local SOPs will dictate whether the vehicle not possessing a DOD decal will be issued a temporary visitor's pass.
- a. Grant access and signal the vehicle to proceed if the vehicle and occupants are authorized access to the installation.
- b. Deny access to the installation if the vehicle does not have a DOD decal and/or the occupants do not have proper ID. Notify your supervisor and the military police of any suspicious activity.

8. Perform a visual check of the person approaching the pedestrian gate.

Procedure for Inspecting and Maintaining Gate House and Visitor's Center Facilities

Steps:
1. Ensure that the facilities are functioning properly:
- Check that doors, lighting, and rest rooms are operational.
2. Inspect surrounding areas:
- Ensure that the area is free of debris and public hazards.
3. Maintain appearance of visitor's center and other public-access facilities:
- Ensure a neat and organized appearance.
4. Report or annotate all discrepancies and deficiencies:
- Annotate communication failures.
- Annotate all work orders.
- Report immediately any deficiencies that affect access control operations.
5. Review preliminary investigation reports:
- Review reports generated on violations identified by access control personnel.
6. Ensure appropriate interaction with the public:
- Prevent idle conversation that impedes vehicle or foot traffic flow.
- Ensure that personnel maintain military bearing (polite and courteous).
7. Perform immediate gate closure procedures:
- Follow procedures according to the appropriate FPCON level (Normal, Alpha, Bravo, Charlie, Delta) and local SOP.
8. Conduct a gate equipment inventory and facility inspection:
- Conduct an inventory of gate equipment.
- Inspect the facility before the end of the shift.
9. Ensure that all equipment knocked over or damaged is set up or replaced as soon as possible:
- These items are part of the working structure and help ensure mission operations and safety.

Procedure:

1. Position yourself on the driver's side of the approaching vehicle, where the center line of the road would be.

2. Assume a comfortable balanced stance to ensure stability and visibility.

3. Direct the vehicle to stop verbally and/or by extending your arm, ensuring you remain highly visible to traffic with good approach sight distance.

Important: Never step into the path of an approaching vehicle to direct movement or to stop the vehicle.

Procedure:

c. Conduct a joint inventory of all detainees, pertinent documents, and confiscated items using the escort manifest, to include—

- (1) DD Form 2745 (Parts A, B, and C).

- (2) DA Form 4137.

- (3) Medical files or information if available.

Procedure:

6. Coordinate with the gaining unit assuming custody of the detainees upon arrival at the designated location (detainee collection point (DCP), detainee holding area (DHA), or TIF).

• a. Continue to provide security until properly relieved of custody.

Procedure:

(2) Ensure that Soldiers assist restrained detainees on and off the aircraft.

(3) Ensure that Soldiers follow the instructions of the aircraft commander and/or crew chief for flight operations rules (such as requirements for seat belts, hearing protection, or special restraints).

Procedure:

(1) Search each car to ensure that no weapons or contraband are present.

_Note_: Blindfolds may not be necessary, based on the mode of transportation.

_Note_: Position the guards according to the METT-TC, the number of available guards, and the type of railcar used. Passenger cars are preferred over freight cars.

Procedure:

• f. Have the escort supervisor sign the release of confiscated items on the DA Form 4137 when the joint inventory is completed. The gaining authority signs the receipt of confiscated items on the DA Form 4137, prepares and signs the DD Form 2708, and returns the completed receipt to the escort supervisor.

Procedure:

5. Supervise and monitor the execution of the mission.

a. Ensure that the guards remain vigilant at all times. Monitor guards to ensure that they—

(1) Maintain weapon control and muzzle awareness.

(2) Maintain detainee silence and segregation.

(3) Restrain the detainees appropriately and check restraints periodically.

(4) Use a guard overwatch when in contact with detainees.

(5) Eliminate and/or reduce any contact between the detainees and the local population.

_Note_: Detainees will identify and exploit signs of guard boredom, complacency, and fatigue.

Procedure for Reporting a Possible Compromise of Classified Information

1. Any person with knowledge of the loss or possible compromise of classified information must immediately report it to the security manager, S2, or commanding officer.
2. If someone discovers classified information out of proper control, they should:
- Take custody of the information.
- Safeguard it.
- Immediately report it to the security manager, S2, or commanding officer.
3. The security manager, S2, or commanding officer will initiate a preliminary inquiry to determine:
- Whether the loss or compromise of classified information occurred.
- If it did occur, whether the compromise could reasonably be expected to cause damage to national security.
4. Based on the findings, the following actions may be taken:
- If no compromise occurred: No further action is required.
- If a compromise occurred but not expected to cause damage: No further action is required unless warranted by additional investigation.
- If a compromise occurred and could reasonably be expected to cause damage: Further investigation will be initiated.
5. The security manager or S2 will report the circumstances of the compromise to:
- HQDA (DAMI-CIS) for SECRET and TOP SECRET information.
- The commander for CONFIDENTIAL information.
6. A further investigation may be initiated if warranted by the findings.

Procedure for Completing DA Form 3964 for the Destruction of TOP SECRET Information

1. When destroying TOP SECRET information, complete DA Form 3964.
2. Ensure that the form is dated and signed by the individual responsible for the destruction at the time it occurs.
3. The form must be kept on file as a record of the destruction process.
4. Use this form to ensure accountability and compliance with security regulations regarding the destruction of classified information.
5. This procedure ensures that all destruction activities are properly documented and traceable.

Procedure for Complying with Security Regulations When Discussing Classified Information

1. Refrain from discussing classified and/or sensitive information on an unsecured telephone.
2. Use correct security procedures when presenting a classified briefing, including:
- Limiting access to only those with the appropriate security clearance and need-to-know.
- Ensuring that all discussions occur in a secure environment.
3. When using automated information systems, implement proper controls such as:
- Access restrictions based on user roles.
- Encryption of classified data.
- Regular audits to ensure compliance with security protocols.

Procedure for Destroying Classified Information

1. Destroy classified information in a way that precludes recognition or reconstruction.
2. Use one of the following methods:
- Burning (preferred method)
- Melting
- Chemical decomposition
- Pulping
- Pulverizing
- Crosscut shredding
- Mutilation
3. For TOP SECRET information, complete DA Form 3964 at the time of destruction.
4. Ensure that all forms are dated and signed by the individual responsible for the destruction.
5. The destruction process must be documented to ensure accountability and compliance with security regulations.

Procedure for Identifying the Reference Delineating Correct Transmission Procedures

1. Identify and refer to the correct reference or guideline that outlines proper transmission procedures for classified information.
2. Ensure that all personnel involved in transmitting classified information are aware of and follow these guidelines.
3. The reference should be clearly defined and accessible to ensure compliance with security protocols.
4. Use this reference to verify that transmissions are conducted securely, including:
- Using approved communication channels.
- Ensuring the confidentiality of transmitted information.
- Maintaining a record of all classified transmissions.

Procedures for Identifying and Applying Correct Destruction Methods:

1. Completed DA Form 3964, and determined the best destruction method for documents of various classifications.
2. Listed three methods of destruction.
- Burning
- Crosscut shredding
- Mutilation
3. Identified the two standards of destruction:
- Preclude recognition or reconstruction.
- Ensure that classified information cannot be reconstructed.

Procedure for Locking Classified Material in Security Containers When Not in Use

1. Lock classified material in an appropriate security container when not in use.
2. Ensure that the container is checked and locked by a responsible individual.
3. The SF 702 form must be:
- Initialed and dated by the person who locks the container.
4. Turn the "OPEN/CLOSED" sign on the front of the security container to the "CLOSED" position.

Details:
• This ensures that classified information is not accessible to unauthorized personnel when not in use.
• The SF 702 form provides a record of who secured the container and when.

Procedure for Responding to an Open or Unattended Security Container

1. Keep the container or area under guard or surveillance.
2. Notify one of the persons listed on Part 1 of SF 700, which is attached to the inside of the security container drawer.
3. If none of these individuals can be contacted, notify the duty officer, security manager, or other appropriate official.

Details:
• This procedure ensures that classified information remains protected and secure.
• Immediate action is required to prevent unauthorized access.

Procedure for Safeguarding Classified Information During Transport

1. Ensure that classified information is protected during transport.
2. Use appropriate security measures to prevent unauthorized access or exposure of classified material.
3. Maintain constant supervision and ensure the secure handling of all classified documents throughout the transportation process.
4. Follow established protocols for transporting classified materials, including:
- Using approved containers for transport.
- Ensuring that only authorized personnel are involved in the transport.
- Maintaining a chain of custody during transit.

Procedures for Secure Communication and Briefings:

1. Refrain from discussing classified and/or sensitive information on an unsecured telephone.
2. Use correct security procedures when presenting a classified briefing.
3. Use proper controls when using automated information systems.

Procedure for Securing a Security Container

1. Turn the "OPEN/CLOSED" sign on the front of the security container to the "CLOSED" position.
2. Ensure that another person checks the container to make sure it is locked and initials the SF 702 form.

Details:
• The SF 702 must be dated and signed by the individual who locks the container.
• This ensures accountability for the security of classified information.

Procedure: Brief all soldiers included in the command post (CP) security on the tactical situation and defensive plans.

Steps:
1. Gather all personnel assigned to provide security for the CP, including both organic and augmenting forces.
2. Conduct a briefing that includes the current tactical situation, potential threats, and defensive strategies.
3. Ensure that all soldiers understand their roles, responsibilities, and procedures for responding to various scenarios.
4. Encourage questions and clarify any uncertainties before deployment or implementation of security plans.

Procedure: Conduct a reconnaissance of routes to the command post (CP) and surrounding areas.

Steps:
1. Survey all potential access points, roads, and pathways leading to the CP.
2. Identify any natural or man-made obstacles that may affect movement or security.
3. Assess terrain features that could be used for observation posts (OPs), listening posts (LPs), or static posts.
4. Document findings and report them to the appropriate personnel for planning purposes.

Procedure: Determine the amount of Class IX barrier materials needed for securing a command post (CP).

Steps:
1. Assess the size and layout of the CP, including its perimeter and critical facilities.
2. Identify areas where barriers may be required, such as access control points or chokepoints.
3. Estimate the quantity of Class IX barrier materials needed based on the number of barriers required for secure access and protection.
4. Ensure that the estimated requirements are realistic and account for potential changes in the operational environment.

Procedure: Determine the number of personnel required to provide close-in security for the commander within the area of operations (AO).

Steps:
1. Assess the size and layout of the command post (CP) and its location within the AO.
2. Evaluate potential threats, including enemy activity, internal risks, or other hazards that may require additional personnel.
3. Consider the need for augmentation from corps assets if the CP is massed.
4. Calculate the number of personnel required based on the above factors and ensure they are available and trained for close-in security duties.

Procedure: Identify personnel responsible for securing critical facilities within the command post (CP).

Steps:
1. Determine which critical facilities require security and controlled access. These include:
- Tactical operations center
- War room
- Communications center
- Facilities for special intelligence
- Commander's quarters
2. Assign personnel to secure these facilities based on their roles, training, and availability.
3. Ensure that all assigned personnel understand their responsibilities and the importance of securing these areas.
4. Coordinate with the provost marshal or headquarters personnel if necessary.

Procedure: Obtain an access list of personnel authorized to enter a command post (CP) from the provost marshal or headquarters personnel.

Steps:
1. Contact the provost marshal or headquarters personnel responsible for managing access control at the CP.
2. Request the current access list, which includes all personnel authorized to enter the CP.
3. Verify that the list is up-to-date and accurate, including any changes in personnel status or authorization levels.
4. Use this information to ensure that only authorized personnel can access critical facilities within the CP.

Procedure: Plan the best method and/or mix of forces for securing a command post (CP), varying between massed and dispersed configurations.

Steps:
1. Determine whether the CP is massed or dispersed, as this will influence the type of security required.
2. Select an appropriate combination of security measures, including:
- Static posts
- Traffic control posts (TCPs)
- Listening posts (LPs)
- Observation posts (OPs)
- Access control points
- Mobile patrols
- Quick-response forces
3. Consider both organic and augmenting forces for security, depending on the size of the CP and available resources.
4. Ensure that all selected methods are coordinated with existing security forces and headquarters personnel.

Procedure: Plan for the security of tactical command posts (CPs) when they are established and during transit.

Steps:
1. Assess the security requirements for a tactical CP based on its location, size, and mission objectives.
2. Develop specific plans for securing the CP in both its established state and during movement to new locations.
3. Ensure that all personnel involved in moving or establishing the CP are trained in security procedures for transit.
4. Coordinate with logistics and transportation units to ensure secure movement of the CP and its assets.

Procedure: Prepare plans for the internal security of a command post (CP) and coordinate with relevant personnel.

Steps:
1. Develop detailed internal security plans that include access control, surveillance, and response procedures.
2. Coordinate directly with existing security forces, access control personnel, headquarters personnel, and the provost marshal to ensure alignment on all aspects of CP security.
3. Ensure that all personnel involved in internal security understand their roles and responsibilities.
4. Review and update plans as needed based on changes in the operational environment or threats.

Procedure: Prepare a standing operating procedure (SOP) or special orders detailing duties, responsibilities, and procedures to provide security to the command post (CP).

Steps:
1. Develop an SOP that outlines all aspects of CP security, including access control, surveillance, response protocols, and coordination with other units.
2. Include specific roles and responsibilities for each personnel involved in providing security to the CP.
3. Ensure that the SOP is reviewed and approved by relevant command authorities before implementation.
4. Distribute copies of the SOP to all personnel responsible for CP security and ensure they understand its contents.

Procedure: Request the required amount of Class IX barrier materials through appropriate channels.

Steps:
1. Identify the logistics or supply chain responsible for providing Class IX barrier materials.
2. Submit a formal request specifying the quantity and type of materials needed, along with the reason for the request.
3. Ensure that all documentation is complete and includes any necessary approvals from higher headquarters or logistics units.
4. Follow up on the status of the request to ensure timely delivery of materials.

Procedure for Determining the Appropriate Locks for Storage Facility or Containers

Steps:
1. Identify the classification level and sensitivity of materials to be stored.
2. Select locks that meet the required security standards (e.g., high-security locks, biometric access systems).
3. Ensure compatibility with existing infrastructure and personnel access requirements.
4. Document the selected lock type for compliance and reference purposes.

Details:
• Locks must be appropriate for the classification level and sensitivity of materials.
• Compatibility ensures seamless integration with current systems.
• Documentation is essential for accountability and audit purposes.

Procedure for Determining Classification Levels of Information and Materials to be Stored

Steps:
1. Identify the type of information or materials that need to be stored.
2. Consult official classification guidelines to determine the appropriate security level (e.g., Confidential, Secret, Top Secret).
3. Ensure all personnel involved in handling the materials are aware of and trained on the classification levels.
4. Document the classification levels for reference and compliance purposes.

Details:
• Classification levels must be determined based on official regulations and guidelines.
• Personnel should be briefed on the implications of each classification level.
• Proper documentation is essential to ensure accountability and compliance with security protocols.

Procedure for Determining Initial or Additional Facility/Equipment Requirements

Steps:
1. Assess current storage and security infrastructure.
2. Identify any gaps in capacity, security, or functionality.
3. Determine what additional facilities or equipment are needed to address these gaps.
4. Document the requirements for compliance and reference purposes.

Details:
• A thorough assessment ensures that all needs are identified.
• Addressing gaps improves overall security and efficiency.
• Documentation is essential for accountability and audit purposes.

Procedure for Determining the Method of Storage/Safeguarding to be Used

Steps:
1. Evaluate available storage options (e.g., secure containers, vaults, locked cabinets).
2. Select a method that aligns with the classification level and quantity of materials.
3. Ensure selected methods meet regulatory requirements for safeguarding classified information.
4. Document the chosen method for compliance and reference purposes.

Details:
• The storage method must be appropriate for the sensitivity and volume of classified material.
• Regulatory compliance is essential to avoid legal or security breaches.
• Documentation ensures transparency and accountability in the selection process.

Procedure for Determining the Type of Facility or Storage Containers Required

Steps:
1. Identify the classification level and quantity of materials to be stored.
2. Select a facility or storage container that meets the required security standards (e.g., secure vaults, lockable cabinets).
3. Ensure compatibility with existing infrastructure and security protocols.
4. Document the selected type for compliance and reference purposes.

Details:
• The choice of facility or container must align with classification levels and storage needs.
• Compatibility with current systems ensures seamless integration.
• Documentation is essential for accountability and audit purposes.

Procedure for Maintaining Physical Security of Classified Materials

Steps:
1. Secure all classified materials when not in use by locking containers or placing them in secure storage.
2. Clearly indicate the status (locked or open) of containers to ensure visibility and accountability.
3. Designate specific personnel responsible for securing and controlling access to classified facilities/containers.
4. Document security procedures and responsibilities for compliance and reference purposes.

Details:
• Physical security is essential to prevent unauthorized access or theft.
• Clear indication of container status ensures transparency and accountability.
• Assigning responsibility ensures proper oversight and management of secure areas.

Procedure for Maintaining Records of Security Checks of Classified Facility/Containers

Steps:
1. Place the security check form on the facility and containers as required by local SOP.
2. Designate specific personnel to conduct daily or weekly security checks based on organizational requirements.
3. Verify that all scheduled security checks are completed and documented properly.
4. Maintain records of all security checks for compliance, audit, and reference purposes.

Details:
• Security check forms must be placed in accordance with local SOP.
• Designating personnel ensures consistent and reliable checks.
• Verification and documentation ensure accountability and compliance with security protocols.

Procedure for Restricting Access to Facility/Materials

Steps:
1. Identify personnel who are authorized to access the storage facility or containers.
2. Verify that each individual has the appropriate level of clearance and authorization to handle classified materials.
3. Implement access control measures (e.g., key cards, passwords) based on personnel clearances.
4. Document access restrictions for compliance and reference purposes.

Details:
• Access should be limited to only those with proper clearance.
• Verification ensures that unauthorized individuals cannot gain access.
• Documentation is essential for accountability and audit purposes.

Procedure for Submitting a Request for Needed Facility/Equipment through the Appropriate Channel

Steps:
1. Determine the routing of the request based on organizational policies.
2. Prepare the request in the proper format as specified by local SOP (Standard Operating Procedures).
3. Submit the request via the appropriate distribution method or channel as required by local SOP.

Details:
• Routing must follow established procedures to ensure timely processing.
• The request should be prepared using the correct format and documentation.
• Submission must occur through the designated channels as specified in local SOP.

Procedure for Training Section Personnel on Security Requirements for Classified Materials

Steps:
1. Provide personnel with requirements and authorization for accessing classified facilities/containers.
2. Instruct personnel on the proper procedures for conducting security checks of classified materials and containers.
3. Ensure all training is conducted in accordance with local SOP and organizational policies.
4. Document training sessions and participant attendance for compliance and reference purposes.

Details:
• Personnel must be fully briefed on access requirements and responsibilities.
• Training ensures that individuals understand the proper procedures for handling classified materials.
• Documentation of training ensures accountability and verifies completion.

Procedure:

(1) Ensure that work is done from the enemy side to the friendly side and from the bottom up.

(2) Ensure that the knife rest is 3 to 5 meters (10 to 16 feet) long. Ensure that—

(a) The end poles (1.2 meters [4 feet] in height and width) are lashed to form two Xs.

(b) The center pole (3 to 5 meters [10 to 16 feet] in length) is laid across the top intersection of the Xs with each end of the pole lashed to the X.

(c) Barbed wire is used to complete the knife rest.

Procedure:

(1) Ensure that long pickets are installed at 3.8-meter (5-pace) intervals for 11 rows.

(2) Direct the placement of the concertina wire over the long pickets.

(3) Ensure that the horizontal wire (barbed wire) is anchored to the anchor pickets, which is 1.5 meters (2 paces) from each end of the concertina rows.

(4) Ensure that the horizontal wire is secured over the row of concertina wire.

(5) Ensure that a log (20 centimeters [8 inches] in diameter) is placed between the fifth and sixth rows.

(6) Ensure that the obstacle is no less than 10 meters (33 feet) deep.

Steps:

1. Begin the back row once the first team has cleared the head of the first row of the fence.
2. Direct the installation of the remaining row of concertina wire on top of the first two rows.
3. Fasten the concertina wire securely to the back horizontal wire.
4. Ensure that the concertina wire is properly tied and that all horizontal wires are properly installed.

Purpose: To construct and deploy a portable barbed wire obstacle known as a knife rest in winter conditions.

Materials Required:
• Four wooden poles (3 meter to 3.50 meter length)
• Barbed wire
• Lashing material (rope or wire)

Procedure:
1. Tie two wooden poles together at their centers to form an X shape.
2. Repeat the process with another pair of poles to create a second X.
3. Attach the two X-shaped frames at either end of a 3 meter (10’) to 3.50 meter (12’) pole, forming a framework.
4. Fasten barbed wire on all four sides of the framework.
5. Store the obstacle until needed and transport it to the desired location for deployment.

Notes:
• Knife rests are constructed prior to snowfall and can be quickly deployed in winter conditions.
• This obstacle is effective against both infantry and vehicles.

Purpose: To construct a Lapland fence that remains effective in deep snow conditions.

Materials Required:
• Tripod poles (wooden)
• Six strands of wire for the enemy side
• Four strands of wire for the friendly side and base
• Triangular wooden base

Procedure:
1. Construct a tripod using three wooden poles, mounted on a triangular wooden base.
2. String six strands of wire along the enemy side of the fence, four strands along the friendly side, and four strands along the base.
3. As snow accumulates, raise the tripods out of the snow using poles or other means to rest the obstacle on top of newly fallen snow.
4. Ensure that the base of the tripod and base wires provide enough bearing surface to prevent the fence from sinking into the snow.

Notes:
• The Lapland fence is designed for use in deep snow conditions where standard barbed wire may be crossed easily.
• This obstacle is effective against both infantry and vehicles.

Purpose: To construct an abatis that hinders enemy movement during winter conditions.

Materials Required:
• Trees (preferably with stumps)
• Snow-covered terrain (trails, roads, slopes)

Procedure:
1. Fell trees at an angle of 45° to the enemy’s direction of approach.
2. Leave the trees attached to their stumps to make removal more difficult for the enemy.
3. Position the abatis along trails, roads, and slopes where it can cause significant disruption to skiers and vehicles.

Notes:
• An abatis is similar to a windfall, but strategically placed to hinder movement.
• This obstacle is particularly effective in snow-covered terrain.

Purpose: To construct effective barbed wire obstacles suitable for winter conditions.

Materials Required:
• Barbed wire (triple concertina preferred)
• Snow (soft, shallow or deep/compacted)

Procedure:
1. Use standard barbed wire in soft, shallow snow for an effective obstacle.
2. For deeper and more compacted snow, use triple concertina barbed wire as it is easy to install and difficult to cross.
3. In deep snow conditions, consider constructing a Lapland fence, which prevents crossing by being raised above the snow using poles or other means.
4. Ensure that the obstacle remains effective even when snow accumulates by adjusting its height as needed.

Notes:
• Triple concertina is especially recommended for winter use due to its effectiveness and ease of installation.
• Additional types of wire entanglements and winter obstacles are detailed in FM 5-15.

Purpose: To create a useful obstacle by using ice on road grades to hinder vehicular traffic during winter conditions.

Materials Required:
• Water (to be poured onto road grades)
• Cold weather (for freezing water into ice)

Procedure:
1. Pour water onto steep or inclined road grades in cold weather conditions.
2. Allow the water to freeze, forming a layer of ice on the surface.
3. The resulting ice will significantly hamper vehicular traffic and movement along these areas.

Notes:
• This method is simple but highly effective for creating temporary obstacles in winter conditions.
• It can be used quickly without requiring extensive construction or materials.

Purpose: Use firearms as a last-line defense when other methods fail.

Procedure:
1. Ensure you are legally allowed to own and use firearms in your area.
2. Store firearms securely, with ammunition kept separate from the weapon.
3. Only use firearms if absolutely necessary for self-defense or protection of family members.
4. If you are not comfortable using a firearm in life-threatening situations, consider a bug out plan instead of staying in an urban environment.
5. Practice safe handling and storage procedures at all times to prevent accidental discharge or misuse.

Self Defense Module Checklist Setup

In the face of calamity, you don’t want to walk the streets with a shotgun in your hands—especially if you live in an urban or suburban area. Depending on the emergency, police or even military will be out patrolling the streets.

If they see you loaded up like Rambo with an AR-15 hanging from your neck, your bug out journey might end right there. Be as discreet as possible. If local laws permit, conceal a handgun. Other options are to carry non-lethal weapons, like bear pepper spray and stun guns.

### Recommended Self-Defense Options:
• Concealed Handgun – Although my EDC handgun is the Glock 43, I prefer the G19 for a SHTF situation as it holds more ammo and is more accurate. Either way, I recommend a 9mm pistol, as 9mm ammo is plentiful and fairly inexpensive.
• Rounds of ammo (48) – For 9mm firearms, go with the Federal HST 124 grain Jacketed Hollow Point ammo. It’s rated by experts as one of the best options for personal defense considering the .61" expansion when it hits a target. Forty-eight rounds includes three full magazines with an extra bullet in the chamber for each one.
• Bear Pepper Spray – Personally, I wouldn’t want to deploy my firearm unless it’s absolutely necessary. If non-lethal means can get the job done, Bear Pepper Spray is an effective option. Just make sure you don’t spray against the wind (for obvious reasons).
• Stun Gun

Objective: Use unarmed techniques to defend against an armed attacker when necessary.

Procedure:
1. Move out of the line of attack by stepping off or redirecting the weapon’s path to avoid being struck.
2. Control the weapon by securing the attacking arm using joint locks, if possible (e.g., wrist, elbow, or arm).
3. Stun the attacker with a swift and devastating counterattack:
- Deliver a low, unexpected kick.
- Break a locked joint of the attacking arm.
- Strike motor nerve centers (e.g., throat, eyes) to incapacitate the attacker.
- Use techniques such as skin tearing or eye gouging if necessary.
4. Ground the attacker by taking them to the ground where you can continue disarming or disabling them.
5. Disarm the attacker by breaking locked joints and using leverage or inducing pain to remove the weapon from their grasp.

Notes:
• Unarmed defense should be a last resort when escape is not possible.
• Focus on neutralizing the threat quickly and efficiently.
• Be prepared for multiple attackers or additional threats.

Objective: Maintain a safe distance of at least 10 feet plus the length of the weapon to avoid being attacked.

Procedure:
1. Assess the situation and identify the attacker’s position and weapon.
2. Create space by moving backward or sideways, maintaining a separation of at least 10 feet plus the length of the weapon.
3. Use objects as barriers if available (e.g., furniture, walls) to place between yourself and the attacker.
4. Stay alert for any attempt by the attacker to close the gap.

Notes:
• This distance provides time to react and avoid being caught off guard.
• Use stationary objects strategically to increase your safety.

Purpose: Use pepper spray as a non-lethal self-defense tool.

Procedure:
1. Purchase high-quality pepper spray that is legal in your area and suitable for home defense.
2. Store it in an easily accessible location, such as on your belt or near the door.
3. When confronted by an intruder, aim for the eyes or face and spray directly at them.
4. Pepper spray will cause immediate pain, irritation, and temporary blindness, giving you time to escape.
5. Warning: Understand that pepper spray may not always stop an attacker; in some cases, it could provoke a more aggressive response.
6. Use pepper spray only as a last resort when physical confrontation is unavoidable.

Objective: Remain aware of all potential threats from an armed attacker.

Procedure:
1. Do not fixate solely on the weapon; be mindful of other body weapons (e.g., fists, feet) that the attacker may use.
2. Be vigilant for additional attackers who may be present but unseen.
3. Maintain situational awareness at all times to anticipate and respond to multiple threats.

Notes:
• Focusing only on the weapon can leave you vulnerable to other forms of attack.
• Always assume there may be more than one attacker in the environment.

Bear Hug from the Rear Under Your Arms: When the enemy grasps you from the rear under your arms, follow these steps:

1. If he attempts to lift you for a throw, wrap your leg around his so that you are harder to maneuver.
2. When he sets you down, or if he did not lift you in the first place, lean your weight forward and place your hands on the ground.
3. Move to one side until one of his legs is between yours.
4. Push backward slightly and reach one hand back to grasp his heel.
5. When you have a good grip, reach back with the other hand.
6. Pull forward with your hands, and when he falls, break his knee by sitting on it as you pull on his leg.

CAUTION: Care must be taken when practicing this technique to avoid accidental injury.

Objective: Use available items to enhance your defense against an armed attacker.

Procedure:
1. Identify expedient aids in the environment (e.g., Kevlar helmet, LCE, shirt jacket).
2. Utilize protective gear:
- Use a Kevlar helmet as a shield to block attacks.
- Use an LCE or shirt jacket to protect vulnerable areas of your body from weapon strikes.
3. Create distractions by throwing dirt in the attacker’s eyes to temporarily impair their vision and buy time for escape or counterattack.

Notes:
• Be creative with available resources to maximize your chances of survival.
• Use these aids strategically, not as a substitute for proper defensive techniques.

### Procedure: Conduct a Vehicle Search for Explosive Devices or Prohibited Items at an Access Control Point

Overview: This procedure outlines the steps to be taken when searching a commercial vehicle for explosive devices or prohibited items at an installation access control point. The goal is to ensure safety and compliance with local SOPs.

### Equipment Required:
• Search mirror
• Flashlight
• Reflective vest
• Local standing operating procedure (SOP)

### Performance Steps:
1. Stop the vehicle using hand-and-arm signals.
2. Direct the driver to turn off the engine and apply the parking brake.
3. Interview the driver and vehicle occupants, asking for identification and any documentation related to the vehicle or its contents.
4. Direct the occupants to exit the vehicle.
5. Search the undercarriage of the vehicle thoroughly, using a flashlight and search mirror if necessary.
6. Search the exterior of the vehicle, paying close attention to areas that are not easily visible (e.g., wheel wells, underbody).
7. Search the engine compartment, checking for any suspicious items or modifications.
8. Search the trunk compartment, if applicable, using a flashlight and search mirror to inspect thoroughly.
9. Search the interior of the vehicle, including seats, floor mats, and storage compartments.
10. Take action when suspected explosive devices or prohibited items are found, such as notifying military police or EOD personnel immediately.
11. Release the driver and occupants if no explosive devices or prohibited items were found or if suspected items were cleared by the military police or EOD personnel.

### Notes:
• Ensure that role players are authorized to operate the vehicle prior to beginning the task.
• Notify role players that they are to comply with and follow all instructions given by the Soldier conducting the search.
• Dummy explosive devices or prohibited items may be placed in, under, or on the vehicle for testing purposes. They should not be large enough to gain immediate discovery but must still be detectable by a highly motivated searcher.

### Evaluation Preparation:
• Provide the Soldier with a vehicle to search in a well-lit area.
• Identify role players and ensure they are prepared to comply with instructions.
• Ensure that all equipment (search mirror, flashlight, reflective vest, SOP) is available for use.

Warning: When performing any task outside of or off of the vehicle in a contemporary operational environment (COE), always be aware of possible threat snipers.

Warning: When performing any task outside of the vehicle in a COE, wear your combat protective gear (Kevlar®, body armor and protective mask) according to your unit's tactical standing operating procedures (TSOPs).

Warning: Always be aware of your surroundings; you must be prepared to react to several types of threats—such as: suicide bombers (mounted and dismounted), mortar attacks, and rocket-propelled grenade (RPG) attacks.

Note: At least one member of the search team must provide security at all times while others conduct the search.

### Steps:
1. Stop the vehicle.
2. Inform the occupants of the reason for the search.
3. Identify the occupants by looking at their drivers' licenses or ID cards.
4. Direct the occupants to get out of the vehicle.
5. With the exception of the driver, direct the occupants to move to a place about 5 meters from the vehicle and out of the flow of traffic where they can be observed.
6. Direct the driver to open all doors and compartments, to include the ashtray, glove box and/or armrest, trunk, and hood.

### Procedure: Search a Commercial Vehicle for Explosive Devices or Prohibited Items at an Installation Access Control Point

Equipment Required:
• Search mirror
• Flashlight
• Reflective vest
• Local SOP (Standing Operating Procedure)

Conditions:
You are at the commercial-vehicle search lane at an installation access control point. Given a search mirror, a flashlight, a reflective vest, the local standing operating procedure (SOP), and a directive to search an identified vehicle for suspected explosive devices or prohibited items.

### Performance Steps:
1. Stop the vehicle using hand-and-arm signals.
2. Direct the driver to turn off the engine and apply the parking brake.
3. Interview the driver and vehicle occupants.
4. Direct the occupants to exit the vehicle.
5. Search the undercarriage of the vehicle.
6. Search the exterior of the vehicle.
7. Search the engine compartment.
8. Search the trunk compartment, if applicable.
9. Search the interior of the vehicle.
10. Take action when the search revealed suspected explosive devices or prohibited items in the vehicle.
- If explosive devices or prohibited items are found, immediately notify military police or EOD (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) personnel.
11. Release the driver and occupants if no explosive devices or prohibited items were found or if suspected items were cleared by the military police or EOD personnel.

### Evaluation Preparation:
• Setup: Provide the Soldier with a vehicle to search in a well-lit area. Identify a role player and a role player occupant for the vehicle. Ensure that role players are authorized to operate the vehicle prior to beginning this task. Notify role players that they are to comply with and follow all instructions given by the Soldier searching the vehicle. Have role players place a dummy explosive device or dummy prohibited item somewhere in, under, or on the vehicle to be searched prior to the Soldiers arriving to test. The dummy explosive device or dummy prohibited item can be handmade. It should not be large enough to gain immediate discovery yet not so small that it cannot be detected by a highly motivated Soldier conducting a reasonable search. Give the Soldier a search mirror, a flashlight, a reflective vest, and the local SOP.
• Brief Soldier: Tell the Soldier that he/she has an armed partner pulling overwatch security for him/her through the duration of this task. The tester will play the role of the Soldier's supervisor and the military police. Point at the vehicle that you want the Soldier to search and tell the Soldier to conduct this task as outlined in the performance steps. Tell the Soldier that the vehicle has a role player driver and a role player occupant, and that both role players will respond to his/her instructions.

### Standards:
Search the commercial vehicle and find any explosive devices or prohibited items present.

Procedure:

• Check for general indicators of explosive devices or prohibited items while searching the exterior of the vehicle.
• Look for the following signs:
- (1) Anything unusual in factory-built compartments.
- (2) New or shiny bolts and/or screws.
- (3) Unusual scratches, possibly made by screwdrivers, wrenches, or similar tools.
- (4) Signs of tampering (e.g., broken parts or bent sheet metal).
- (5) Unusually clean or dirty components and areas.
- (6) Wire and tape stored in the vehicle.
- (7) New or broken welds.
- (8) Unusual fingerprints of grease and/or oil in otherwise clean areas.
- (9) Fresh bodywork (e.g., fresh fiber glassing and fresh paint).
- (10) Fresh wiring and electrical tape.
- (11) New caulking.
- (12) A missing or altered vehicle identification number.

Procedure:

• Use a flashlight and mirror to carefully inspect under the vehicle.
• Check for indicators such as:
- New frame welds.
- Items taped or attached to the frame.
- An unusual looking muffler.
- A fresh undercoating.
- Signs of recent installation of components (e.g., fuel tank, muffler, or other items).

Procedure for Apprehending an Offender and Notifying a Supervisor

Steps:
1. If prohibited items are found during the vehicle search, immediately take action to apprehend the offender.
2. Secure the area around the vehicle to prevent any interference or escape.
3. Detain the individual(s) involved and ensure they are not a threat to yourself or others.
4. Notify your supervisor of the situation, including details such as the location, nature of prohibited items, and identities of those involved.
5. Do not release the vehicle until further instructions from the appropriate authority are received.

Procedure:

1. Stop the vehicle and inform the occupants of the reason for the search.
2. Identify the occupants by looking at their drivers' licenses or identification cards (IDs).
3. Direct the occupants to get out of the vehicle, except for the driver, who should remain in the vehicle until instructed otherwise.
4. Direct the occupants (excluding the driver) to move to a place about 5 meters from the vehicle and out of the flow of traffic where they can be observed.
5. Instruct the driver to open all doors and compartments, including the ashtray, glove box, armrest, trunk, and hood.
6. Search the following areas on the vehicle, using an improvised mirror device if necessary:
- Inside of the vehicle:
- Behind and under the seat
- Under the dashboard
- Inside the glove and tool compartment
- Above the sun visor
- Outside of the vehicle (in sequence):
- Under the left front fender well and behind the wheel
- Under the front bumper and behind and under the grill
- Under the hood and all areas behind the radiator and around the engine
- Under the right front fender well and behind the wheel
- Under the right side of the body, back to and including the right rear fender well, and behind the wheel
- Inside cargo areas and the trunk
- Under and behind the rear bumper
- Under the left rear fender well and behind the wheel
- Under the left side of the body, back to the left front fender well
- Top of the vehicle
- Around the fuel tank(s)
- Look for any electrical wires that seem out of place or unidentifiable foreign objects during the search.
7. If prohibited items are not found in the vehicle, release the vehicle to the driver.
8. If prohibited items are found in the vehicle, apprehend the offender and notify your supervisor.

Procedure for Using an Improvised Mirror Device

Steps:
1. Select a reflective surface such as a piece of metal, glass, or any object that can act as a mirror.
2. Hold the mirror at an angle to view hard-to-see areas of the vehicle, such as undercarriage and other obscured regions.
3. Move systematically around the vehicle, using the mirror to inspect all blind spots and difficult-to-reach areas.
4. Look for any electrical wires that seem out of place or unidentifiable foreign objects during the inspection.
5. Ensure full visibility of all inspected areas by adjusting the angle and position of the mirror as needed.

Steps:

1. Determine the size of the area the platoon is to maneuver through.
2. Determine the approximate number of people in the crowd.
3. Determine the goals of the mission:
- Move the crowd.
- Apprehend individuals, as appropriate.
- Extract individuals, as appropriate.
4. Complete a risk assessment.
5. Determine the necessary mission support requirements (if any):
- Backup support.
- Vehicle support.
- Photographer support (video preferred).
- Communications support.
- Medical support.
6. Identify any potential threats to the rear of the formation once any crowd control movements have been completed.
7. Determine the platoon or operation exit strategy.

Steps:

1. The platoon leader determines into which formation to assemble the platoon.
2. The formation to be used depends on the structure and temperament of the crowd.
3. A squad, platoon, or larger unit may be employed and crowd control formations can be adapted to fit the unit's organization.
4. For more information on formations, see FM 3-19.15.

Procedure:

1. Assess the situation by identifying the level of hostile civilian threat:
- Verbal threats (e.g., shouting, yelling)
- Physical without weapons (e.g., touching, pushing)
- Physical with weapons (e.g., rocks, clubs, spitting)
2. If possible, report the situation immediately to your section/team leader.
3. Isolate hostile civilians from the rest of the group or crowd.
4. Use no more force than is necessary to control the situation:
- Use verbal commands and de-escalation techniques for verbal threats
- Use non-lethal force (e.g., riot baton, MP club, mace) for physical threats without weapons
- Use lethal force only if absolutely necessary when confronted with physical threats involving weapons

### Supervise a Riot/Crowd Control Operation with a Squad-Sized Element

Conditions: You are given a riot or crowd control situation and a squad of Soldiers fully equipped with riot control gear, FM 3-19.15, and STP 19-31B1-SM.

Standards: Based on the situation, select the best formation to control or disperse the crowd. Correctly form the squad into the formation selected. Move the squad to disperse or move the crowd and reassemble the squad after the crowd has been controlled or dispersed.

### Performance Steps

1. Analyze the mission requirements.
- Determine the size of the area to maneuver the unit through.
- Determine the approximate number of people in the crowd.
- Determine if the mission goal is to—
- Move the crowd.
- Make apprehensions.
- Perform an extraction.
- Determine the type of formation to be used, based on the mission:
- Line Formation: Direct the squad in forming as a line (Figure 191-378-4303-1). This formation is used to push a crowd in a straight line backwards.
- Squad Echelon Formation (Right or Left): Direct the squad in forming a squad echelon, right or left (Figure 191-378-4303-2). This formation is used offensively to turn crowds in either open or built-up areas and to move them away from buildings, fences, or walls.
- Squad Wedge Formation: Direct the squad in forming a squad wedge (Figure 191-378-4303-3). This formation is used as an offensive formation to penetrate or split crowds.
- Diamond or Circle Formation: Direct the squad in forming a diamond or circle (Figure 191-378-4303-4). This formation is used during extraction or recovery operations to penetrate crowds and extract someone or something from that crowd. The decision to use this formation is based on mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, civil considerations (METT-TC) and the ability of the squad to perform.
- Identify any mission support requirements, including:
- A back-up support squad.
- Vehicle support.

Steps:

1. Direct the squad in forming a diamond or circle.

Note: This formation is used during extraction or recovery operations to penetrate crowds and extract someone or something from that crowd. The decision to use this formation is based on mission, enemy, terrain and weather, troops and support available, time available, civil considerations (METT-TC) and the ability of the squad to perform.

Step 3: Form the platoon into a platoon line formation with one squad in direct (see figure 191-379-5403-1):

• This formation is used to push a crowd in a straight line backwards.
• Ensure all Soldiers are properly equipped with riot control gear, FM 3-19.15, and STP 19-31B1-SM.

Procedure:

Step 1. Assess the situation by identifying the level of hostile civilian threat.

• a. Verbal threats (e.g., yelling, shouting).
• b. Physical without weapons (e.g., touching, pushing).
• c. Physical with weapons (e.g., using rocks, clubs, spitting).

When working papers need to be controlled as finished documents, follow these conditions:

• Retained more than 90 days from the date of origin.
• Released outside the originator's agency.
• Transmitted electrically or electronically.
• Filed permanently.
• Papers contain top secret information.

Steps to Double Wrap Classified Information:

1. Wrap the information in opaque envelopes or similar wrappings.

2. Mark the inner envelope with:
- The overall classification of the contents.
- Any special instructions.

3. Mark both the inner and outer envelopes with:
- The complete sender's address.
- The complete receiver's address.

4. Do not mark the outer envelope with any indications of the contents or the classification.

5. Avoid displaying classified material in public places while transporting it.

6. Do not store classified material in detachable storage compartments, such as automobile trailers or luggage racks, while transporting.

Objective: Prevent the unauthorized disclosure of military information due to increased presence of foreign and non-Canadian personnel.

Procedure:
1. During the shipping season, be aware that ships from many nations are involved in grain shipping and fuel resupply operations in northern regions.
2. Exercise caution when passing military information due to the high number of non-Canadian tourists, visitors, and employees in these areas.
3. Ensure all personnel are trained on the importance of maintaining operational security.

### Identify Classified Material and Security Classification Levels

Purpose: To correctly identify classified material and understand the different levels of security classification.

#### Steps:
1. Understand what constitutes classified information.
- Information is any knowledge that can be communicated or any documentary material (regardless of its physical form or characteristics) that is owned by, produced by or for, or is under the control of the United States Government.
- Unauthorized disclosure is a communication or physical transfer of classified information to an unauthorized recipient.

2. List the security classification levels:
- Confidential: Information, if disclosed to unauthorized persons, could reasonably be expected to cause damage to the national security.
- Secret: Information, if disclosed to unauthorized persons, could reasonably be expected to cause serious damage to the national security.
- Top Secret: Information, if disclosed to unauthorized persons, could reasonably be expected to cause exceptionally grave damage to the national security.

3. Define original and derivative classifications:
- Original classification: An initial determination that information requires, in the interest of national security, protection against unauthorized disclosure.
- Derivative classification: The incorporating, paraphrasing, restating, or generating in new form information that is already classified, and marking the newly developed material consistent with the classification markings that apply to the source information.

### Locate and Read Declassification and Downgrading Instructions on Classified Documents

Purpose: To understand the process of declassification and downgrading of classified information.

#### Steps:
1. Locate and read the declassification and downgrading instructions that appear on a classified document.
2. Define declassification:
- The authorized change in the status of information from classified information to unclassified information.
- Note: Information that already has been declassified and released to the public cannot be reclassified.
3. Understand how declassification is determined:
- At the time of original classification, the original classification authority shall attempt to establish a specific date or event for declassification.
- If a specific date or event for declassification cannot be determined, then information shall be marked for declassification 10 years from the date of the original decision.
- The original classification authority may extend the duration of classification for a successive period, not to exceed 10 years at a time.
- At the time of original classification, the original classification authority may exempt for declassification within 10 years specific information that the unauthorized disclosure could reasonably be expected to cause damage to the national security.
- Information shall be declassified as soon as it no longer meets the standards for classification.
4. Define downgrading:
- A determination by a declassification authority that information classified and safeguarded at a specific level shall be classified and safeguarded at a lower level.

Procedures for Safeguarding Classified Material During Storage:

1. Store classified information under conditions that prevent unauthorized access.

2. Store the following classified or sensitive materials in a locked GSA approved security container when not under personal control and observation of an authorized person:
- Typewriter ribbons.
- Computer disks.
- Notes.
- Any other materials used to process classified information.

3. When locking material in a GSA approved security container, complete SF 702 correctly with the proper date, time, and initials.

Procedures for Transmitting Classified Information:

1. Transmit classified information and material according to the security classification level, as specified in AR 380-5.

2. Use one of the following methods to transmit classified material:
- Approved courier services.
- U.S. military personnel.
- Government employees.
- DOD contractors.
- U.S Postal Service.
- Electronic transmission over secure lines using encryption.

3. Ensure that the transmission has been authorized in writing by the appropriate contracting officer.

4. Maintain constant custody and protection of TOP SECRET and SECRET classified information at all times by the courier.

Procedure:

Conditions: You are given an operation order (OPORD), a combat load, a map of the area, a lensatic compass, a protractor, communications equipment, signal operating instructions (SOI), security personnel, and special orders, if required.

Skill Level 3

Standards: Develop a plan that includes all required considerations for the specific mission, coordinate with appropriate units for required support, ensure that necessary equipment and supplies are available and operational, and prepare briefings for the security personnel on the mission and assign specific duties. Ensure that 360-degree security is maintained from the point of origin to the destination when escorting special weapons.

Performance Steps:

1. Receive the OPORD.
- Follow all steps in the troop-leading procedures.
- When carrying special weapons or ammunition, ensure that you obtain the special orders concerning this cargo, understand them, and ensure they cover any situation not covered in the OPORD.

2. Coordinate with host nation (HN) security personnel.

3. Consult with all sources of information, especially the engineers and the highway traffic division (HTD), to obtain as much information as possible.

4. Reconnoiter the convoy route.
- Identify likely trouble spots and ambush sites.
- Determine possible locations for traffic control posts (TCPs) and/or checkpoints.
- Identify route conditions.
- Determine the location of friendly units in the area.

5. Coordinate with the convoy commander.
- Determine the actions to take if—
- Attacked by a sniper.
- Ambushed with the road blocked.
- Ambushed with the road not blocked.
- Attacked from the air.
- Attacked with artillery.
- Note: Based on the mission and/or the type of cargo, the reaction to an enemy attack may vary. When carrying special weapons or ammunition, ensure that procedures are covered in the special orders on exactly how to react to enemy contact.
- Determine the protective measures to take for mines and booby traps.
- Determine convoy organizations, including the location of—
- Critical cargo vehicles.
- Control vehicles.
- Armored vehicles and automatic weapons (positioned within the convoy so that they are mutually supporting).
- Maintenance and recovery vehicles.

Steps:

1. Determine the number of escort and security elements required based on mission requirements, route characteristics, and threat assessment.
2. Assign roles and responsibilities to each element (e.g., lead vehicle, rear guard, flank protection).
3. Coordinate with supporting units (e.g., fire support, close air support) to ensure adequate coverage for the convoy.
4. Conduct joint planning sessions with all involved elements to align on mission objectives and tactics.

Procedure:

Step 1: Brief personnel on the mission, enemy situation, and specific individual duties to be performed.

Step 2: Include the following in the briefing:

• a. Procedures to be followed in the case of mechanical breakdown.
• b. Defensive measures to be used against mines and booby traps.
• c. Actions to be taken when there is contact with the enemy.
• d. The method of escort.
• e. Communications.
• f. Special orders, if applicable.

Procedure:

Step 1: Coordinate with artillery units.

Step 2: Identify predetermined targets found during route reconnaissance or through coordination with the convoy commander.

Step 3: Identify the locations for rest stops, halts, and possible enemy ambush sites.

Step 1: Identify the potential effects of terrorism.

Ramifications include:
• Threat to safety at work and during business travel, increasing personal risk.
• Disruption of commerce, travel, affecting daily life and economic stability.
• Less personal freedom, privacy as a result of government reaction to terrorism, potentially leading to increased surveillance or restrictions.

Procedure:

1. Be Alert to Signs of Terrorism:
- Watch for suspicious behavior such as unattended packages, unusual activity near government buildings, or individuals acting out of place.
2. Report Suspicious Activity Immediately:
- Contact local law enforcement or the appropriate DoD security authority if you suspect a terrorism threat.
3. Follow Official Guidance:
- Adhere to instructions from authorities during a terrorist event (e.g., lockdown, evacuation, shelter-in-place).
4. Prepare for Emergencies:
- Include items such as masks, decontamination supplies, and emergency contact information in your family’s preparedness kit.
5. Stay Informed:
- Regularly update yourself on global and local terrorism threats through trusted news sources and official DoD communications.

Procedure:

• Understand the Homeland Security Advisory System (HSAS) levels: from Low to Severe.
• Monitor official government alerts and updates through trusted sources like the Department of Homeland Security.
• Adjust your preparedness level based on the advisory level:
- Low: Maintain basic emergency supplies and awareness.
- Guarded: Increase vigilance, review family plans, and ensure communication devices are functional.
- Elevated: Secure homes, reduce travel if possible, and have additional supplies ready.
- High: Limit non-essential travel, stay indoors if advised, and be prepared for extended disruptions.
- Severe: Follow all official instructions, evacuate if necessary, and rely on emergency shelters or designated safe locations.

Objective: Understand how terrorists select targets and behave to enhance personal safety.

Procedure:
1. Recognize that terrorists often choose targets with easy public access, such as airports, large cities, major events, resorts, and high-profile landmarks.
2. Be aware that terrorists may avoid detection, so be vigilant for unusual or conspicuous behavior in public spaces.
3. Learn about the different types of terrorist weapons including explosives, kidnapping, hijackings, arson, shootings, and nuclear, biological, and chemical (NBC) weapons.
4. Stay alert to your surroundings at all times, as terrorism often provides little or no warning.

Overview:
Terrorism is a growing global threat, as evidenced by events like the 9/11 attacks. It is expected to increase in frequency and severity in the near future.

Key Tactics Used by Terrorists:
• Bombings: The most common tactic used by terrorist groups. Anything can be a target for bombs.
• Kidnapping: Often used to gain the release of comrades. Captives may be held for months, and many terrorists kill hostages regardless of whether ransom demands are met.
• Hostage Situations: Used in conjunction with hijackings or building takeovers, but can also occur independently.
• Sniper Attacks: Less common than bombings but used by smaller groups without access to explosives. Often used for assassinations.
• Sabotage: Increasingly used against opposing groups or businesses. This includes the destruction of infrastructure like roads, bridges, and transportation systems. Sabotage has been suspected in incidents such as those at nuclear power plants.
• Blackmail: Terrorists may threaten to contaminate water supplies or destroy important local infrastructure unless demands are met.
• Use of WMDs (Weapons of Mass Destruction): Nuclear, biological, and chemical agents have already been used as threats. Some cities have developed contingency plans for such events.

Preparation Recommendations:
• Stay informed about potential threats in your area.
• Develop a personal emergency plan that includes evacuation routes and meeting points.
• Keep an emergency kit with essential supplies (water, food, medications, etc.).
• Learn basic first aid and how to respond during emergencies.
• Consider participating in community preparedness programs or drills.

Additional Notes:
Authorities are increasingly concerned about the potential use of WMDs. It is important to be aware of these risks and take appropriate steps to protect yourself and your family.

Before a terrorist attack:

• Learn about the nature of terrorism.
• Be aware of your surroundings.
• Take precautions when traveling.
• Leave an area if you feel uncomfortable or if something does not feel right.
• Create an evacuation plan for your family and have a backup route in mind.
• Determine an out-of-town relative that all family members can contact if separated.

During a terrorist incident:

• Take cover immediately; stay low to the ground.
• Listen to local radio or television stations for updates.
• Evacuate immediately if directed to do so.

After a terrorist incident:

• Stay away from the incident area to prevent injury from secondary devices.
• Check for injured and trapped people if already near the event area and administer first aid and CPR if trained to do so.
• Notify friends and family of your condition.
• Use mobile devices sparingly, and check local news for updated information.

Procedure:

• Stay informed about potential threats and local security advisories.
• Be aware of your surroundings at all times, especially in public places.
• Avoid suspicious packages or unattended items.
• Report any unusual activity to local authorities immediately.
• Develop a family emergency plan that includes evacuation routes and meeting points.
• Keep essential supplies such as water, food, medications, and first aid kits ready for immediate use.
• Stay updated on government alerts through official channels like the Homeland Security Advisory System.

### Identification of Placed Ordnance

Placed ordnance includes all land or sea mines.

• Size: Range in size from 2 inches in diameter to several feet in length.
• Shape: Varies depending on the type of mine.
• Fuze Types: Have a variety of fuze types, including pressure plates, tilt rods, trip wires, electronic sensors, or command detonated.
• Hazards: Can contain explosive, incendiary, or chemical hazards.

### Recognition Details

• Refer to figures 093-401-5040-10a and 093-401-5040-10b for visual identification.
• These mines are typically found in military or combat environments.

### Identification of Thrown Ordnance

Thrown ordnance includes all types of grenades, including simulators.

• Size: Most are round or cylindrical in shape and small enough to be thrown by a person.
• Hazards: Can contain explosive and/or incendiary hazards.

### Safety Procedures for Thrown Ordnance

• Never approach a grenade that was thrown and did not detonate, even if you threw it. Do not move, jar, or disturb as the fuze may function at any time.
• Never pick up, move, or disturb a found grenade, even if the spoon or safety pin is attached. It may be booby-trapped to explode when disturbed.

### Recognition Details

• Refer to figures 093-401-5040-9a and 093-401-5040-9b for visual identification.
• These grenades are typically found in military or combat environments.

### Identification of Guided Missiles

Guided missiles are precision-guided weapons.

• Size: Similar to rockets in size.
• Shape: Most have fins; some have wires in the end for guidance.
• Hazards: Can contain explosive or incendiary hazards.

### Recognition Details

• Refer to figures 093-401-5040-7a and 093-401-5040-7b for visual identification.
• These guided missiles are typically found in military or combat environments.

### Identification of Projected Projectiles

Projected projectiles are munitions from large machine guns, artillery howitzers, and naval guns.

• Size: Range in size from 20 mm up to 16 inches in diameter and 10 to 30 inches in length.
• Shape: Most resemble a "bullet" shape.
• Hazards: Can contain explosive, chemical, biological, radiological, and/or incendiary hazards.

### Recognition Details

• Refer to figures 093-401-5040-4a and 093-401-5040-4b for visual identification.
• These projectiles are typically found in military or combat environments.

### Identification of Rifle Grenades

Rifle grenades are small explosive devices designed to be fired from rifles or shoulder-fired launchers.

• Size: Smaller than rockets.
• Shape: Resemble rockets but are of smaller size.
• Hazards: Can contain explosive and/or incendiary hazards.

### Recognition Details

• Refer to figures 093-401-5040-8a and 093-401-5040-8b for visual identification.
• These rifle grenades are typically found in military or combat environments.

### Identification of Rockets

Rockets are propulsion-based weapons.

• Size: Range in size from 24 inches to several feet in length.
• Shape: May or may not have fins; have some sort of rocket motor vents in back.
• Hazards: Can contain explosive, chemical, and/or incendiary hazards.

### Recognition Details

• Refer to figures 093-401-5040-6a through 093-401-5040-6c for visual identification.
• These rockets are typically found in military or combat environments.

Objective: To maintain OPSEC procedures to protect critical aspects of operations from exploitation by threat intelligence.

Steps:
1. Identify critical information that needs protection.
2. Determine what protection is needed for the identified critical information.
3. Identify key questions that the threat is likely to ask about friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities.
4. Identify the friendly force profile.
5. Avoid setting patterns that could be exploited by the threat.
6. Conduct an analysis of threats to identify OPSEC vulnerabilities and indicators.
7. Analyze vulnerabilities to identify appropriate OPSEC measures for each vulnerability.
8. Select OPSEC measures for each identified vulnerability.
9. Assess the sufficiency of routine security measures.
10. Perform a risk assessment by considering:
- The impact of an OPSEC measure on operational efficiency.
- The probable risk to mission success if the unit did not implement an OPSEC measure.
- The probable risk to mission success if an OPSEC measure did not work.
11. Decide which OPSEC measures to implement based on the risk assessment.
12. Check the interaction of OPSEC measures to ensure they are compatible and effective.
13. Coordinate OPSEC measures with other elements of C2W (Command, Control, and Warfare).
14. Apply appropriate countermeasures to deny the threat access to friendly information.
- Implement measures that require immediate action.
- Task OPSEC measures using the OPSEC annex.
- Brief OPSEC requirements to planners, participants, and support personnel.
- Monitor OPSEC measures during execution.
- Make adjustments to improve the effectiveness of existing measures.

Procedure:

1. Analyze the operation, activity, exercise, or support function to determine the overall OPSEC posture.
2. Evaluate the degree of compliance of subordinate organizations with the published OPSEC plan or program.
3. Ensure that all aspects of the operation are reviewed for potential vulnerabilities and threats.
4. Document findings and recommendations for improving OPSEC measures.

Notes:
• This procedure is used to ensure that critical information remains protected during operations.
• It should be conducted regularly, especially before and after major activities or exercises.

Procedure:

1. Determine if there is adequate protection of critical information during planning, preparations, execution, and postexecution phases of any operation or activity.
2. Analyze all associated functions to identify sources of information that may be exploited by the threat.
3. Evaluate what information is disclosed and what can be derived from it.
4. Identify vulnerabilities in current OPSEC measures and recommend improvements.

Notes:
• This procedure helps ensure that no unintended information leaks during any phase of an operation.
• It should be conducted periodically to maintain a high level of operational security.

Procedure:

1. Identify critical information that needs to be protected.
2. Determine what protection is needed for the identified critical information.
3. Identify key questions the threat may ask about friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities.
4. Identify the friendly force profile to ensure it does not reveal sensitive details.
5. Avoid setting patterns that could be exploited by the threat.
6. Conduct an analysis of threats to identify OPSEC vulnerabilities.
7. Find OPSEC indicators that may signal potential leaks or weaknesses.
8. Analyze vulnerabilities and identify appropriate OPSEC measures for each vulnerability.
9. Select the most effective OPSEC measures based on the identified vulnerabilities.
10. Assess the sufficiency of routine security measures to ensure they are adequate.
11. Perform a risk assessment considering the impact of an OPSEC measure on operational efficiency.
12. Consider the probable risk to mission success if the unit does not implement an OPSEC measure.
13. Consider the probable risk to mission success if an OPSEC measure does not work.
14. Decide which OPSEC measures to implement based on the assessment and analysis.
15. Check the interaction of OPSEC measures to ensure they do not conflict or reduce effectiveness.
16. Coordinate OPSEC measures with other elements of C2W (Command, Control, and Warfare).
17. Apply appropriate countermeasures to deny the threat access to friendly information.
18. Implement measures that require immediate action to mitigate current threats.
19. Task OPSEC measures using the OPSEC annex for clarity and accountability.
20. Brief OPSEC requirements to planners, participants, and support personnel to ensure compliance.
21. Monitor OPSEC measures during execution to ensure they are being followed correctly.
22. Make adjustments to improve the effectiveness of existing measures as needed.

Notes:
• This procedure is critical for maintaining operational security throughout all phases of an operation.
• It should be conducted in coordination with other units and elements of C2W to ensure a unified approach.

Objective: Define indicators in the context of OPSEC.

Definition: Indicators are data derived from open sources or from detectable actions that the threat can piece together or interpret to reach conclusions or official estimates concerning friendly intentions, capabilities, or activities. They are also activities that result from military operations. Indicators help determine friendly courses of action. Identifying and interpreting indicators are critical tasks of the threat operations.

Types of Indicators: The three types of indicators are profile, deviation, and tip-off:

1. Profile Indicators:
- Patterns: Stereotyped actions which so habitually occur that they can cue an observer to the type of military unit or activity—its identity, capabilities, or intent. In the Army, we tend to do things the same way (standing operating procedures [SOPs]).
- Signatures: Result from the presence of a unit or activity on the battlefield. Signatures are detected because different units have different types of equipment, are of different sizes, emit different electronic signals, and have different noises associated with them.

2. Deviation Indicators: Provide contrasts to normal activity, which help the threat gain appreciation about intentions, preparations, time, and place.

3. Tip-Off Indicators: Highlight information that otherwise might pass unnoticed. These are most significant when they warn the threat of impending activity.

Objective: Define Operational Security (OPSEC).

Definition: OPSEC is a process of analyzing friendly actions pursuant to military operations and other activities to—

1. Identify those friendly actions that can be observed by the threat.
2. Determine indicators which the threat might obtain that could be interpreted or pieced together.
3. Select and execute measures that eliminate or reduce these vulnerabilities.

Purpose: OPSEC maintains essential secrecy, which is the condition achieved by the denial of critical information to the threat. Essential secrecy depends on the combination of two conditions:

• Provide traditional security programs that deny the threat classified information.
• Provide operational security to deny the threat critical information, which is always sensitive and often unclassified.

Title: Prepare for Home Defense in Urban Areas

Content:
1. Make your house a fortress and prepare for potential threats.
2. Conduct regular drills with family members to practice scenarios such as:
- Hiding from intruders
- Defending the home
- Evacuating quickly
3. Consider acquiring the following items for defense:
- A guard dog
- Pepper spray
- Firearms (if legal in your area)
- Smoke bombs (military-grade, if available)
4. The total cost of preparing a home for defense may range from $4000 to $6000 depending on location and equipment.
5. If you are in an urban area with potential social breakdown, be prepared to use force to defend your life and property.

Objective: Protect your food supply by defending it against potential threats.

Steps:
1. Assess your readiness: Evaluate whether you have enough firearms, ammunition, and trained individuals in your household to defend your home effectively.
2. Plan for defense: Develop a strategy with family members or trusted neighbors on how to respond if looters or marauders attempt to take your food.
3. Secure entry points: Ensure that all doors, windows, and other potential access points are reinforced and secured with locks, bars, or alarms.
4. Train regularly: Conduct regular drills with family members or community groups on how to respond in an emergency situation involving threats to your home or supplies.
5. Consider alternative locations: If defending your home is not feasible, consider relocating your food supply to a more secure location such as a church building where resources can be shared and protected collectively.

Objective: Deter intruders using non-lethal defensive measures.

Steps:
1. Purchase pepper spray in sufficient quantities for home defense.
2. Install booby traps (e.g., motion-activated devices or tripwires) that can deploy pepper spray when triggered by an intruder.
3. Ensure the booby traps are placed in high-risk areas such as entryways, hallways, and around windows.
4. Test the system to ensure it works correctly and is safe for use.

Purpose: Use a guard dog to protect your home and family.

Procedure:
1. Choose a breed known for guarding abilities, such as German Shepherds or Rottweilers.
2. Ensure the dog is well-trained in protection and obedience.
3. Place the dog near food storage areas so it can be alert to any intrusions.
4. Allow the dog to sleep close to these areas but ensure you are within earshot of the dog at all times.
5. If the dog barks, treat it as a warning sign of an intrusion, not just noise.
6. Provide adequate food and care for the dog to maintain its health and alertness.

Purpose: Use trip wires to detect intruders and alert you of their presence.

Procedure:
1. Purchase trip wire systems from a supplier such as Cheaper Than Dirt (costs around $300–$500).
2. Install the trip wires along the perimeter of your home, especially near entry points or blind spots.
3. Connect the trip wires to warning devices such as flares, shotgun shells, lightsticks, or audible alarms.
4. When an intruder triggers the wire, the connected device will activate and provide either a visible or audible alert.
5. Regularly test the system to ensure it is functioning properly.

Purpose: Replace standard glass windows with non-breakable plexiglass to improve home security.

Procedure:
1. Purchase high-quality, impact-resistant plexiglass sheets suitable for window replacement.
2. Hire a professional or follow manufacturer instructions to remove existing glass windows carefully.
3. Install the plexiglass in place of the broken glass, ensuring it is securely fastened and sealed.
4. Reinforce the frame with additional support if necessary to prevent forced entry.
5. Regularly inspect the plexiglass for damage or wear and replace as needed.

Procedure:

1. Obtain information from leader-disseminated sources, such as operation orders and reports.
2. Refer to graphic training aids, land mine handbooks, and special publications for additional details.
3. Review mine or ordnance recognition boards to identify potential hazards.
4. Attend intelligence briefings to receive updated information on explosive threats.

Note: This information is critical in identifying areas where IEDs or UXO may be present and helps reduce the risk of encountering these hazards.

Procedure:

1. Be alert for environmental indicators, such as:
- Animals (dead or alive) with missing or damaged limbs.
- Human remains.
- Damaged vehicles left on or off the road.
- Wilted or dead patches of vegetation.
- Circles of lush grass among thin grass.
- Overgrown, unattended fields and pastures next to cultivated used areas.
- Trees and bushes not collected for firewood in areas stripped of other vegetation.
- Odd features in the ground or patterns that are not normally present in nature.
- Unattended vehicles, trailers, or boxes and abandoned military equipment (weapons, ammunition, uniforms, or papers).

2. Look for disturbed ground, including:
- Depressions in the ground (regular or odd spacing).
- Raised patches of earth (regular or odd spacing).

3. Be aware of unused paths, routes, or trails and debris on or along a route that could conceal an IED or UXO.

4. Check for suspicious guard rails and bridge overpasses, and be alert to suspected strike locations or suspicious personnel in the vicinity.

5. Look for signs of road repair, such as new fill, pavement, patches, ditches, or culverts.

6. Be aware of potholes in tracks and disturbances in previous tire tracks or tracks that stop unexplainably.

7. Identify single or multiple craters (look for submunitions).

8. Observe unusual or suspicious civilian activity, such as:
- Areas avoided by local civilians (pedestrian or vehicular traffic).
- Absence of children in the area.

Note: These indicators may represent an IED or booby trap. Be alert for wires, detonating cord, or a shock tube running from these devices to the roadside. Cables or wires used in command-detonated devices are sometimes buried. Look for disturbed soil in lines running up to the road and away from the suspected or suspicious areas.

Procedure for Identifying Improvised Explosive Hazard Markers

Step 1: Look for the following improvised markings:

1. Rock piles or individual rocks painted red – used by the United Nations (UN), threat army, fighting factions, and locals as danger area markers.
2. Different-colored tapes attached to a stick, tree limb, picket, pole, or wall – these are often used to mark minefield perimeters.
3. Crossed bones, sticks, or twigs – commonly used by locals to indicate hazardous areas.
4. Graffiti in the local language that warns civilians of a possible explosive hazard (a translator or interpreter may be required).
5. Pieces of both cloth and metal material attached to poles, sticks, or walls – these are often used as improvised warning signs.
6. A circle of stones surrounding objects – used by locals to mark individual mines, UXO, and IEDs.
7. Rows of light-colored stones or stones that are painted white – used by the UN to mark safe lanes and cleared areas; these stones are usually in regular patterns and close together.
8. Red lettering and marks painted on rock faces or building walls – for example, start point (SP), indicating the minefield start point. Internationally recognized humanitarian demining reference markers, such as reference point (RP) and benchmark (BM). Minefields will be within visual distance of these markers.
9. Burned fields – may indicate UN mine clearance operations.
10. Wooden posts with red and white tops – used to delineate ongoing UN minefield clearance operations.

Step 2: Be aware that not all armies and fighting organizations mark their minefields and other explosive hazards in the same way as required by the US Army. Many local factions, militia, or units will lay mines and mark them with readily available materials rather than formal markings. These markings are generally used to warn their own troops and local civilians of the presence of mines, booby traps, IEDs, or UXO.

Note: Friendly units operating in these environments must gain this local knowledge in order to identify mine markers and explosive-hazard areas.

Procedure for Identifying Manufactured Explosive Hazard Markers

Step 1: Look for the following manufactured markings:

1. Rectangular or triangular signs attached to wire, stakes, posts, or pickets with a written warning on one side – these are formal markers used by military and demining organizations.
2. Signs with a picture of a person being blown up by a mine – commonly used as visual warnings for explosive hazards.

Note: These manufactured markings are typically more standardized than improvised ones, but they may still vary depending on the organization or country using them.

Procedure for Recognizing Indicators of Explosive Hazards in the Environment

Step 1: Look for the following environmental indicators that may signal the presence of explosive hazards:

1. Patterns of objects that could be used as a sighting line or concealing wire leads for IEDs – these are often placed strategically to guide or mislead.
2. Mine, explosives, or ordnance crates or packaging – these can indicate storage areas or disposal sites.
3. Patches of new brickwork, plaster, or mud on walls – may be used to conceal explosive devices or traps.
4. Abandoned defensive positions, trenches, and destroyed buildings – often used as locations for booby-trapped areas.
5. Graffiti on walls or buildings in the local language – may contain warnings about nearby hazards (a translator or interpreter may be required).
6. Signs being placed where they were not previously posted – could indicate new hazardous areas or changes to existing ones.
7. Abandoned buildings, vehicles, piles of wood, or materials – these can be used as cover for explosive devices or traps.
8. Trip wires, strings, or cables – may be part of a booby-trap system.
9. Evidence of electrical wires, batteries, mousetraps, clothespins, steel tubes, or springs – these components are often used in IEDs and may indicate the presence of additional hazards due to chain reactions (daisy chains) or decoys.
10. Small shiny metal plates, split lightweight bomb casings, empty cluster bomb canisters, and small parachutes or drogues from submunitions – these are indicators of cluster bomb strikes or scatterable mine attacks. Additional items may be in the local area due to the dud rate of cluster bomb submunitions.

Step 2: Assume that all unoccupied buildings are booby-trapped. Buildings are excellent sites for booby traps, and they should be treated with extreme caution.

Objective: Implement a brigade or above physical security program that prevents or minimizes loss or damage from theft, espionage, sabotage, and other criminal or disruptive activities.

Conditions: As a brigade commander, given tactical or garrison situation, and a need to establish security priorities, procedures, and requirements to subordinate units. You have an outdated physical security program and have not yet appointed your physical security officer.

Steps:
1. Assess the current physical security posture of the unit by reviewing existing policies, procedures, and resources.
2. Identify vulnerabilities in the current system that could lead to theft, espionage, sabotage, or other criminal or disruptive activities.
3. Establish security priorities based on the assessment, focusing on areas with the highest risk or potential impact.
4. Develop procedures for subordinate units to follow, ensuring consistency and effectiveness across all levels of command.
5. Identify and allocate adequate resources, including personnel, technology, and funding, to support the program.
6. Appoint a physical security officer who will oversee the implementation and ongoing management of the program.
7. Coordinate with relevant agencies or units (e.g., intelligence, law enforcement) to ensure alignment with broader security efforts.
8. Train personnel on the new procedures and their roles in maintaining physical security.
9. Monitor and evaluate the effectiveness of the program regularly, making adjustments as needed based on feedback and changing conditions.
10. Document all actions taken, including assessments, resource allocations, training conducted, and any changes made to the program over time.

Notes:
• This procedure should be tailored to the specific needs of the unit or installation.
• The physical security officer must have the authority and resources necessary to carry out their duties effectively.
• Regular communication with subordinate units is essential to ensure compliance and address any issues promptly.

Procedure:

1. Conduct a physical security inspection to determine the need for additional aids to security, including:
- Perimeter barrier(s): Define the type and requirements of barriers (e.g., fencing, walls) needed to secure the area.
- Clear zones requirements: Establish criteria for clear zones around perimeter barriers, such as distance from the barrier to ensure unobstructed visibility and accessibility. Include maintenance protocols to keep these areas free of obstructions.
- Perimeter lights: Consider the following:
- Protective lighting system requirements: Ensure that lighting systems are adequate for security purposes, including coverage, brightness, and reliability.

### Determine Specific Measures for Applying the System

Steps:
1. Identify the specific measures needed to apply the system to the following categories:
- Unit personnel
- Visitors to restricted areas
- Visitors to administrative areas
- Vendors, tradesmen, and so forth
- Contractor personnel
- Maintenance or support personnel
- Fail-safe procedures during power outages
- Monthly or quarterly inspection

Objective: Locate and reference field manuals related to physical security.

Procedure:
1. Identify the relevant field manual: FM 3-19.30 (FM 19-30).
2. Verify the publication date: 8 January 2001.
3. Use this manual for tactics, techniques, and procedures related to physical security.

Details: This manual provides guidance on securing facilities, personnel, and equipment from threats.

Procedure:

• Direct the driver to open all interior compartment doors, the hood, the trunk, and rear doors (if applicable) of the vehicle while maintaining constant observation.
• Direct occupants to move to a designated safe area (about 5 meters from the vehicle and/or out of traffic flow) where they can be observed.

Procedure:

• Identify yourself to the driver and occupants.
• Inform the driver that the vehicle must be searched as a condition for entry onto the installation.
• Physically take possession of and look at each occupant's ID (military, DOD, state license, or federal government-issued photo ID) and compare it to the person.
- If the photo does not match the person or if the ID has been altered, notify your supervisor and the military police.
• Request to see the following documentation:
- (1) Vehicle registration.
- (2) Proof of vehicle insurance.
- If the documentation appears invalid, notify your supervisor and the military police.
• Ask questions to determine the specific reason for access to the installation:
- Where are you going?
- Who are you going to meet?
- Do you drive this vehicle most of the time?
- Would there be any contraband or prohibited items in this vehicle?
- Has this vehicle had any repairs recently? If so, what?
• Maintain eye contact with the driver throughout the interview and report suspicious behavior to the supervisor.
• Notify the supervisor and military police if the driver appears impaired from alcohol or drugs or if prohibited items are in plain view.

f. Maintain eye contact with the driver, observe the occupants throughout the interview, and report suspicious behavior to the supervisor.

g. Notify the supervisor and the military police if the driver appears impaired from the use of alcohol or drugs or if any suspected prohibited items are in plain view during the interview.

Procedure:

• Always position yourself so that you are highly visible to traffic with good approach sight distance.
• Wear reflective vests to ensure the vehicle driver can see you easily.
• Never step into the path of an approaching vehicle to direct movement or stop the vehicle.

Objective: Enhance home security by preventing forced entry.

Steps:
1. Purchase steel bars suitable for window reinforcement.
2. Install the steel bars across all windows to prevent intruders from breaking in.
3. Ensure the installation is secure and reinforced with appropriate hardware.

Objective: Increase the security of your home by reinforcing doors.

Steps:
1. Replace all outside door locks with heavy-duty deadbolts for added protection against forced entry.
2. Install steel doors on all exterior entrances, preferably without windows to reduce vulnerability.
3. Ensure that the installation is properly secured and tested for strength.

Procedure:

1. Acquire a fire extinguisher and ensure it is easily accessible.
2. Install reinforced doors to enhance home security.
3. Set up a security safe for valuables and important documents.
4. Consider acquiring a shotgun or handgun (if trained) for self-defense purposes.
5. Stockpile ammunition appropriate for the firearms you own.
6. Keep a baseball bat or other defensive tools in an accessible location.
7. Install a hidden safe for additional security of valuables and sensitive information.
8. Ensure access to a rifle (if trained) for broader protection needs.
9. Acquire a shotgun, handgun, or rifle only if you are properly trained in their use to avoid accidental injury or death.

Objective: Reduce the risk of being targeted by intruders or enemies during nighttime emergencies.

Steps:
1. Install blackout curtains, window shades, or opaque window films on all windows in your home.
2. Ensure that no light can escape from any window at night, especially during times of heightened risk (e.g., war, civil unrest).
3. This technique was historically used by residents of London during WWII to avoid detection by enemy bombers.

Objective: Eliminate hiding spots around your home to improve visibility and deter intruders.

Steps:
1. Identify bushes, shrubs, or other vegetation near the perimeter of your home that could be used as cover by intruders.
2. Remove these plants from the area surrounding your house.
3. Ensure that all areas around your property are clear and visible to increase security.

Procedure:

1. Be Aware of Manmade Threats:
- Familiarize yourself with potential manmade hazards such as terrorism, active shooter events, cyber threats, and other security risks.
2. Stay Informed About Security Risks:
- Monitor local news and official DoD communications for updates on security threats.
3. Develop a Response Plan:
- Create a plan that outlines how your family will respond to manmade hazards (e.g., lockdown procedures, evacuation routes, communication protocols).
4. Educate Family Members:
- Ensure all family members understand the risks and know what to do in case of an active shooter event or other security threat.

Objective: Recognize the principal land threat to northern Canada and prepare an appropriate response.

Procedure:
1. Identify the principal land threat as small raiding-type operations against specific targets in northern Canada.
2. Understand that these raids are likely conducted:
- In support of a main operation elsewhere (e.g., Europe).
- With limited mobility and little direct support from the home land.
3. Recognize that enemy forces may require:
- Quick extraction after completing their mission, or
- Seizing and holding existing facilities to provide food, fuel, and shelter.
4. Prepare for a quick response to destroy the lodgement, minimize destruction of Canadian facilities, and free forces for deployment elsewhere.

Steps:

1. Review subordinate organizations' physical security plans and mission essential task list (METL) tasks.
2. Review local threat analysis; if none are available, conduct a threat analysis.
3. Direct a criminal analysis.
4. Participate in the higher headquarters threat working group (TWG).
5. Distribute the commander's critical information requirements (CCIR) to subordinate organizations.

Objective: Gain a clear understanding of the security environment and threats faced by the Department of Defense (DoD) workforce, including Service Members, civilians, contractors, and their families.

Key Threats to Be Aware Of:
1. Nation-State Actors: The primary long-term strategic challenge comes from China and Russia, which are increasing their influence through technological advancements and geopolitical competition.
2. Rogue Regimes: North Korea and Iran pose significant threats due to their pursuit of nuclear weapons and support for terrorism.
3. Non-State Actors: Terrorists, transnational criminal organizations, cyber hackers, and other malicious groups have enhanced capabilities in mass destruction and global destabilization.
4. Emerging Threats in Space and Cyber Domains: New threats are emerging in the commercial and military use of space, while increased digital connectivity creates vulnerabilities for defense, government, and economic infrastructure.
5. Natural Disasters and Pandemics: Events such as hurricanes/typhoons, floods, earthquakes, and pandemics can impact both national security and civilian populations without regard to borders.

Responsibility: It is the responsibility of all DoD personnel and their families to be knowledgeable, prepared, and resilient against a wide range of threats, including natural disasters, cyber attacks, and physical security risks.

Procedure:

1. Isolate hostile civilian(s) if possible to prevent escalation.
2. Ensure that isolation is done safely and in accordance with rules of engagement (ROE) and rules of interaction (ROI).
3. Avoid confrontation if possible. Do not deliberately instigate, threaten, provoke, or bluff.
4. If necessary, use non-lethal force such as riot batons or MP clubs to maintain distance.

Procedure:

1. Comply with rules of engagement (ROE) and rules of interaction (ROI) as directed by higher military authorities.
2. Minimize casualties and damage during the encounter.
3. Maintain a professional demeanor and appearance at all times.
4. Ensure that all actions are consistent with applicable international treaties, operational agreements, and host-nation requirements.

Procedure:

1. Avoid confrontation if possible and use verbal de-escalation techniques.
2. Speak sternly to the civilian and state the peaceful intent of your mission.
3. Instruct the civilian to "STAND BACK" and warn them that you may have to use force.
4. If a civilian places their hands on your body, use a riot baton or MP club to brush them back.
5. If a civilian attempts to inflict bodily harm, use authorized materials such as water hoses or chemical gases to impede movement.
6. Use your individual weapon in self-defense only and fire to wound or disable if possible.

Procedure:

1. Assess the situation by identifying the level of hostile civilian threat.
2. Report the situation immediately to the section/team leader.
3. Isolate hostile civilian(s), if possible.
4. Employ no more force than is necessary to control the situation using graduated response measures:
- Avoid confrontation if possible. Do not deliberately instigate, threaten, provoke, or bluff.
- Speak sternly to the civilian and state the peaceful intent of your mission.
- Tell the civilian to "STAND BACK" and warn him/her that you may have to use force.
- If a civilian places his/her hands on your body, use your riot baton or MP club to brush him/her back.
- If a civilian attempts to inflict bodily harm, use any authorized materials (such as water hoses, chemical gases) to impede his/her movement.
- Use your individual weapon in self-defense only and fire to wound or disable if possible.
5. Establish and maintain control of the situation:
- Comply with the rules of engagement (ROE)/rules of interaction (ROI), any host-nation requirements, applicable international treaties and operational agreements.
*Note:* ROE are politically imposed restrictions on military operations. ROE are directed by higher military authorities based on the political and tactical situations and the level of threat. ROI encompasses an array of interpersonal communication skills, such as persuasion and negotiation. ROI are based on the applicable ROE for a particular operation. Everyone must understand the ROE and be prepared to execute them properly in every possible confrontation.
- Minimize casualties and damage.
- Maintain professional demeanor and appearance.

Define OPSEC measures. OPSEC measures are methods and means to gain and maintain essential secrecy about critical information.

a. Action control eliminates indicators. Select what action to undertake and decide whether or not to execute actions or impose restraints on actions. (Specify who, when, where, and how.)

b. Countermeasures attack the threat collection system by using—

• (1) Diversions.
• (2) Camouflage.
• (3) Concealment.
• (4) Jamming.
• (5) Deception.

Implement the OPSEC process. OPSEC has five steps which apply to any plan, operation, program, project, or activity. They provide a framework for the systematic process necessary to identify, analyze, and protect information for essential secrecy. The process is continuous. It considers the changing nature of the threat and friendly vulnerabilities throughout the operation. It uses the following steps, but it does not have to follow them in a particular sequence.

a. Identify critical information. Critical information consists of specific facts about friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities vitally needed by the threat for it to plan effectively and to guarantee failure or unacceptable consequences for friendly mission accomplishment.

(1) Determine what needs protection.

(2) Identify key questions that threat officials are likely to ask about friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities, so they can obtain answers critical to their operational effectiveness. To determine sensitive aspects of our operations, the following question is asked: If known by the threat, what information and what actions could compromise friendly operations or identify us?

(3) Identify friendly force profile. The G3 and the G2 are responsible for developing friendly force profiles.

(4) Avoid setting patterns.

b. Conduct an analysis of the threats.

(1) Identify OPSEC vulnerabilities. It is absolutely necessary that you know the THREAT. This information will be important in order to determine vulnerabilities to the threat and it will become even more important when the time comes to implement countermeasures or deception measures.

(2) Examine each part of the operation to find OPSEC indicators. Compare those indicators with the threat collection capabilities. A vulnerability exists when the threat can collect an indicator, correctly analyze the information, make a decision, and take timely action to degrade friendly operations.

c. Conduct an analysis of vulnerabilities.

(1) Identify possible OPSEC measures for each vulnerability.

(2) Select at least one OPSEC measure for each vulnerability.

(3) Assess the sufficiency of routine security measures (personnel, physical, cryptographic, document, special access, and automated information systems). This will provide OPSEC measures for some vulnerabilities.

d. Perform risk assessment. The purpose of this step is to select OPSEC measures to implement. This step determines if a risk to an operation's success exists should the threat detect friendly indicators, patterns, or signatures. Only the commander responsible for the mission can make this decision. He/she must balance the risk of operational failure against the cost of OPSEC measures.

(1) Consider the impact of an OPSEC measure on operational efficiency.

(2) Consider the probable risk to mission success (effectiveness) if the unit does not implement an OPSEC measure.

(3) Consider the probable risk to mission success if an OPSEC measure does not work.

(4) Decide which, if any, OPSEC measures to implement and when to do so.

(5) Check the interaction of OPSEC measures. Ensure that a measure to protect a specific piece of critical information does not unwittingly provide an indicator of another.

(6) Coordinate OPSEC measures with the other elements of command and control warfare (C2W).

e. Apply appropriate countermeasures to deny THREAT information of specific friendly intentions, capabilities, and activities.

(1) Implement those measures that require immediate action. This applies to current operations as well as planning and preparation for future ones.

(2) Document or task OPSEC measures by using an OPSEC annex to the operations plan/operations order (OPLAN/OPORD).

(3) Brief OPSEC requirements to planners, participants, and support personnel.

Note: OPSEC measures are command-directed actions executed by individuals, who must be aware of their responsibilities.

(4) Monitor OPSEC measures during execution. Monitoring is a continuous process of evaluating intelligence and counterintelligence. It is necessary to monitor countermeasures for effectiveness because unevaluated countermeasures can lead to a false and dangerous sense of security.

(5) Make adjustments to improve the effectiveness of existing measures. This will be necessary to obtain the best protection for military operations.

Procedure:

1. Define an exclusion area around special weapons or ammunition to ensure 360-degree security.
2. Develop procedures for enforcing the 'two-man rule' at all times when handling such materials.
3. Include these procedures in the special orders and ensure they are communicated clearly to all personnel.
4. Ensure that instructions on how and when to disable weapons or ammunition are included if security cannot be maintained.
5. Train all relevant personnel on these procedures to prevent unauthorized access or mishandling of sensitive materials.

Note: These measures are critical for preventing accidents and ensuring the safety of all involved.

Procedure:

1. Identify where military police vehicles and personnel will be positioned within the convoy.
2. Ensure that these positions are strategically chosen to provide maximum security and control.
3. Coordinate with all units involved to ensure seamless integration of military police into the convoy structure.
4. Document the positioning details for reference during operations.
5. Train all relevant personnel on their roles and responsibilities in this positioning.

Note: Proper positioning of military police is critical for maintaining order, security, and discipline within the convoy.

Procedure:

1. Identify the location of halts and rest stops based on the following criteria:
- (1) In a relatively secure area.
- (2) Off the roadway where there is some natural cover and concealment.
- (3) Under the surveillance of a security force.
- (4) In an area with a view for 200 meters at each end of the convoy, with no obstructions such as curves or hills.
- (5) In an area large enough to maintain the proper convoy interval.
- (6) In an area where local civilians can be kept away from the convoy.
- (7) In an area that is not heavily populated.
- (8) In an area where HN police are present, if applicable.
2. Establish security protocols for each halt and rest stop location.
3. Ensure that all personnel understand their roles in maintaining security at these locations.
4. Document the procedures for halts and rest stops to ensure consistency across operations.

Note: Security measures must be tailored to the specific environment and threat level of each location.

Procedure:

1. Identify the specific time when military police support will begin and end.
2. Determine the location where military police support will be provided during the operation.
3. Ensure that all relevant personnel are aware of these details in advance.
4. Coordinate with the military police to ensure seamless integration into the convoy operations.
5. Document the time and place for military police support to avoid confusion or gaps in coverage.

Note: Military police support is essential for maintaining order, security, and discipline during convoy operations.

Procedure:

Direct search teams to process detainees according to the following steps:

### a. Position Members of Each Search Team

• (1) Position the guard to ensure that the guard has a clear line of sight to the detainee.
• (2) Position the interpreter to best support the searcher (normally to the guard's rear flank).
• (3) Position the searcher to provide lead during the search and instruct the guard and interpreter as necessary.

### b. Ensure That Soldiers Search Detainees According to Task 191-377-4254

### c. Ensure That Soldiers Tag Detainees According to Task 191-377-4254

#### (1) Confiscate All Items From Detainees

• Some items will be returned immediately following the search.
• Note: Currency will only be confiscated on the express order of a commissioned officer (for example, through an operation order, fragmentary order, or verbal order) per AR 190-8. Soldiers must notify a commissioned officer when currency is found. If a decision is made to confiscate it, it must be accounted for on a DA Form 4137.

#### (2) Fill Out DD Form 2745 After the Search Is Completed

• Have the Soldiers that completed the search fill out a DD Form 2745 when the search has been completed.
• Note: The best time to complete the DD Form 2745 is immediately following the search. However, if speed is required, you may complete it at a later time. If you have enough Soldiers, you may want to establish another team to tag the detainees.

#### (3) Tag Detainees and Confiscated Items Using All Three Copies of DD Form 2745

• (a) Attach part A to the detainee.
• (b) Retain part B for official records.
• (c) Attach part C to confiscated items.

#### (4) Complete DA Form 4137 and Secure Confiscated Items

• Direct Soldiers to complete a DA Form 4137 according to task 191-377-4254 and secure and document confiscated items if the situation permits.

Procedure:

1. Ensure Soldiers are equipped properly:
- Provide Soldiers with individual equipment, assigned weapons, disposable restraints (wrist and ankle), soft cloth, permanent markers, an interpreter (when available), rules of engagement (ROE)/rules for the use of force (RUF), AR 190-8, DD Form 2745s (_Enemy Prisoner of War [EPW] Capture Tag_), DA Form 4137s (_Evidence/Property Custody Document_), STP 19-31B24-SM-TG and STP 19-31B1-SM, first aid supplies, and communications equipment.

2. Search detainees according to task 191-377-4254:
- Conduct a thorough search of the detainee in accordance with established procedures for searching detainees.

3. Tag detainees using DD Form 2745:
- Complete and attach a DD Form 2745 (_Enemy Prisoner of War [EPW] Capture Tag_) to each detainee.

4. Document the search using DA Form 4137:
- Use a DA Form 4137 (_Evidence/Property Custody Document_) to document all items found during the search.

5. Link documents by DD Form 2745 number:
- Ensure that both the DD Form 2745 and DA Form 4137 are linked using the same DD Form 2745 number for record-keeping purposes.

6. Keep detainees silent and segregated:
- Maintain silence among detainees to prevent communication between them, and segregate them as necessary to ensure control and safety.

7. Safeguard detainees according to U.S. policy and Army values:
- Ensure that detainees are treated in accordance with international law, U.S. policy, and Army values at all times.

8. Enforce ROE/RUF during escape attempts:
- Apply the rules of engagement (ROE) or rules for the use of force (RUF) strictly if a detainee attempts to escape.

9. Correct and report inappropriate treatment and detainee noncompliance:
- Address any inappropriate treatment immediately, and report all incidents of detainee noncompliance to the appropriate authority.

Procedure:

Ensure that Soldiers confiscate all items from detainees, with the following exceptions:

• Currency will only be confiscated on the express order of a commissioned officer (e.g., through an operation order, fragmentary order, or verbal order) per AR 190-8.
• Soldiers must notify a commissioned officer when currency is found. If a decision is made to confiscate it, it must be accounted for on a DA Form 4137.

Steps:

1. Ensure that all items are initially confiscated from detainees (some will be returned immediately following the search).
2. Have the Soldiers who completed the search fill out a DD Form 2745 when the search has been completed.
3. Instruct Soldiers to tag the detainee and the confiscated bundle using all three copies of the form:
- Part A: Attach to the detainee.
- Part B: Retain for official records.
- Part C: Attach to confiscated items.

Note: The best time to complete the DD Form 2745 is immediately following the search. However, if speed is required, it may be completed at a later time. If resources permit, establish another team to tag detainees.

4. Direct Soldiers to complete a DA Form 4137 according to task 191-377-4254 and secure and document confiscated items if the situation permits.

Procedure:

Ensure that all search teams have detainee field processing equipment, which includes:

• Disposable restraints
• Cloth
• Permanent markers
• DD Form 2745s
• DA Form 4137s

Purpose:
To ensure that search teams are equipped with the necessary tools to process detainees effectively and in compliance with regulations.

Procedure:

1. Implement Cyber Security Measures: Deploy robust cyber security protocols to protect space-based systems and ground facilities.
2. Use Counter-Jamming Technology: Utilize counter-jamming technology to mitigate the impact of electronic attacks on space systems.
3. Detect Interference: Develop and implement interference detection capabilities to identify potential threats in real-time.

Details:
• Cyber security measures should be regularly updated to address emerging threats.
• Counter-jamming technology must be tested periodically to ensure effectiveness.
• Interference detection systems should be integrated with broader space domain awareness initiatives.

Procedure:

1. Detect the attack: Use advanced monitoring tools to identify suspicious activity or breaches within retail banking systems.
2. Contain the breach: Isolate affected systems and block unauthorized access points immediately.
3. Engage cybersecurity experts: Collaborate with internal IT teams and external cybersecurity firms for rapid response.
4. Notify relevant authorities: Inform the National Cyber Security Centre (NCSC) and other regulatory bodies as required by law.
5. Protect customer data: Implement additional safeguards to prevent unauthorized access or exposure of sensitive financial information.
6. Conduct a thorough investigation: Determine the source, scope, and potential impact of the attack on banking operations.
7. Implement long-term security measures: Strengthen firewalls, update encryption protocols, and enhance employee training on cybersecurity best practices.
8. Communicate with customers: Provide clear and timely updates to affected customers about the incident and steps being taken to resolve it.

Procedure:

1. Identify the threat: Monitor for signs of malicious attacks targeting critical national infrastructure (CNI) in the financial sector.
2. Activate response protocols: Engage with relevant government agencies and cybersecurity teams immediately upon detection.
3. Isolate affected systems: Disconnect compromised networks to prevent further damage or data breaches.
4. Conduct forensic analysis: Investigate the attack's origin, scope, and potential impact on financial stability.
5. Coordinate with regulators: Inform appropriate regulatory bodies such as the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) and the Bank of England.
6. Implement mitigation strategies: Apply patches, update systems, and enhance security measures to prevent future attacks.
7. Communicate with stakeholders: Provide transparent updates to customers, partners, and the public about the incident and steps being taken.
8. Review and improve: Conduct a post-incident review to identify vulnerabilities and strengthen overall resilience against similar threats.

Procedure:

1. Do not touch or move the package under any circumstances.
2. Immediately notify your supervisor or security personnel about the suspicious item.
3. Evacuate the area if instructed to do so by authorities.
4. Stay clear of the package until it is examined and deemed safe by trained professionals.
5. Do not attempt to open, inspect, or tamper with the package – this could trigger any potential hazards.
6. Follow all instructions from law enforcement or emergency responders.

Procedure:
1. Immediately report the incident to local authorities and emergency services.
2. Follow official instructions provided by government agencies or law enforcement.
3. Avoid spreading unverified information about the attack.
4. If in a public area, move to a safe location away from potential secondary threats.
5. Stay informed through trusted news sources or official communication channels.
6. Be prepared for possible lockdowns or evacuation orders.
7. Ensure personal safety and assist others if it can be done without putting yourself at risk.

Procedure:

1. Immediate emergency response: Deploy the Police Service of Northern Ireland and other relevant emergency services to secure the scene and provide first aid.
2. Assess casualties and damage: Evaluate the number of fatalities, injuries, and extent of infrastructure or transport disruption caused by the attack.
3. Provide medical support: Ensure immediate care for injured individuals, including evacuation if necessary.
4. Support victims and families: Offer psychological and emotional assistance to those directly affected by the attack.
5. Community support: Provide resources and counseling to local communities impacted by the incident.
6. Repair infrastructure: Coordinate with relevant authorities to restore damaged infrastructure and resume normal transport operations.
7. Investigate the attack: Conduct a thorough investigation into the attack, including identifying those responsible and preventing future incidents.
8. Maintain political stability: Work with local and national leaders to ensure that the incident does not undermine the peace process or political settlement in Northern Ireland.

Procedure:

1. Assess the situation: Determine the scale and impact of the attack, including the number of British nationals affected.
2. Activate communication systems: Ensure resilient communications are in place for coordination between UK authorities and on-the-ground response teams.
3. Provide humanitarian assistance: Offer immediate aid to victims, including medical care, shelter, and food.
4. Support returning casualties: Arrange for the repatriation of injured or deceased British nationals and provide domestic health services, including mental health support and long-term medical care.
5. Coordinate counterterrorism efforts: Work with international partners to investigate the attack and prevent future incidents.
6. Support affected communities: Provide assistance to local populations in the affected region, including access to UK support services for British nationals.
7. Address tourism impact: Implement measures to stabilize the tourism industry and restore confidence in travel to the affected area.
8. Maintain bilateral relations: Engage with foreign governments to manage diplomatic consequences of the attack.

Procedure:

• If a person enters the facility and you are uneasy or suspicious of them:
- Immediately have someone call 911 and FPS at 877-437-7411, or use the duress button.
• If a weapon is present:
- Do not confront the intruder.
- Give a pre-determined hand signal to another staff member for them to call 911 immediately, or use the duress button.
• If no weapon is suspected:
- Approach the individual in a non-confrontational manner with the assistance of another staff member.
- Introduce yourself and the person with you to the individual in a non-confrontational way.
- Ask the individual who they are and how you can be of assistance.
- Inform them of the policy that all visitors must sign in and guide them to the area where this is done.
- If the individual refuses, do not confront them. Give the other staff member the pre-designated hand signal to call 911.

Procedure:

1. Ensure all staff members understand, support, and participate in the Intruder Alert procedures.
2. Practice the Intruder Alert procedure in the facility several times per year, similar to fire drills.
3. Provide lockdown information to parents upon enrollment.
4. Notify parents of all lockdown drills and events.
5. Supply written materials for parents to help children understand and cope with lockdowns.
6. Designate an alternate pick-up site for parents if children and staff are evacuated.
7. Instruct parents not to enter the facility during a lockdown and keep them away until authorities determine it is safe.

Procedure:

• If the intruder is already inside the building:
- Make a pre-determined hand signal (known by all staff) to the first staff member seen.
- That staff member will pass on the hand signal to others throughout the building and call 911.